Volume fraction

About: Volume fraction is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16312 publications have been published within this topic receiving 374181 citations.

TiMoCN based cermets Part II. Microstructure and room temperature mechanical properties

Abstract: Cermets obtained by sintering powders of TiCN and Mo 2 C with cobalt or nickel binder are studied in this paper. Different TiCN/Mo 2 C ratios are used in order to vary the grain size. Morphology parameters such as grain size, contiguity, and phase ratios are related with fracture toughness and hardness. The hardness can be adequately modelled considering the hardness of each phase weighed by the respective volume fraction. The toughness is mainly controlled by the properties of the binder, in particular the binder flow stress and the size of binder regions.

Optical properties of various nanofluids used in solar collector: A review

Abstract: Different properties of nanofluids have been studied by the researchers since the last two decades. Most of the studies have focused on the thermal properties of the nanofluids. However, optical properties have considerable contribution to heat absorbance in nanofluids. Therefore, it is necessary to study the different parts of solar spectrum (optical properties) to utilize nanofluids in solar thermal applications. The optical properties (absorption, transmittance, scattering, and extinction coefficient) based on metal, metal oxide, carbon nanotubes, graphite, and graphene have been reviewed thoroughly in variation with particle size and shape, path length, and volume fraction. The present investigational outcomes about the nanofluids showed that optical solar absorption increased accordingly with increasing nanoparticle size and volume concentration. However, there were some conflicting results on the effects of nanoparticle size on absorption, in which the particle size has an insignificant effect on overall optical properties. Moreover, it was observed that path length has some remarkable effects over optical absorption of nanofluids. The experimental results revealed that the transmittance of nanofluids has indirect relation with nanoparticle size, volume fraction, and path length. The scattering of light is directly proportional to the volume concentration and particle size of metallic particles. Overall, results of various elements showed that the presence of large particles and particle agglomerates leads to significant amount of light scattering. As a result, overall extinction coefficient will be increased. Therefore, an optimization of these properties need to be maintained for stable and cost-effective nanofluid.

Initiation of underwater granular avalanches: Influence of the initial volume fraction

Abstract: We experimentally investigate how a layer of granular material fully immersed in a liquid starts to flow when suddenly inclined from a horizontal position. The flow is shown to strongly depend on the initial volume fraction, its initiation being dramatically delayed by a slight initial compaction. A model, which takes into account the dilatant behavior of the granular material and the coupling with the interstitial fluid, captures the main experimental features.