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Volume fraction

About: Volume fraction is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16312 publications have been published within this topic receiving 374181 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The relationship between relative viscosity and volume fraction of filler was represented by the equations derived byMaron andPierce orMooney as mentioned in this paper, and yield stresses were estimated, and found to increase exponentially in the range of volume fraction from 0.1 to 0.5.
Abstract: Viscosities of particle filled polymer melts were measured at fairly low shear rate. Particles were glass beads, glass balloons, and silas balloons. Polymers were polyethylene and polystyrene. Flow curves were superimposed with respect to concentration of filler. The relative viscosity defined as the ratio of viscosity of filled polymer to that of unfilled polymer at the same shear stress is obtained as an asymptotic value even for highly filled material. The relation between relative viscosity and volume fraction of filler was represented by the equations derived byMaron andPierce orMooney. Only the distribution of particle size had influence on relative viscosity at a defined filler concentration. Yield stresses were estimated, and found to increase exponentially in the range of volume fraction from 0.1 to 0.5.

158 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the conductivity of four graphite powders was measured as a function of the volume fraction of graphite (or air) along (axial) and across (transverse) the direction of compression.
Abstract: The conductivity of four graphite powders was measured as a function of the volume fraction of graphite (or air) along (axial) and across (transverse) the direction of compression. The conductivity varies by between two and four orders of magnitude during these measurements. The results are shown to fit an equation which expresses the conductivity of the mixture as a function of the conductivity of the graphite and two morphology parameters. One parameters is the critical volume fraction, at which the graphite-air mixture would become insulating (percolation threshold) and the other an exponent is a combination of the effective demagnetisation coefficients of the grains and the critical volume fraction. Electron micrographs of the powder grains are shown and volume orientation percentage measurements of the graphite using X-rays were made in order to try to understand the results better.

157 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the coarsening behavior of two-phase mixtures in a model Pb-Sn system and found that the intercept distributions were in good agreement with the predictions of theory.
Abstract: Experiments on the coarsening behavior of two-phase mixtures in a model Pb-Sn system are reported. This system fulfills most of the assumptions of theory and has the particular advantage that all the materials parameters necessary for a comparison between the experimentally measured and theoretically predicted coarsening kinetics are known. We have examined the coarsening of Sn-rich and Pb-rich solid phases in contact with eutectic liquid in the volume fraction solid range above approximately 0.6 where the development of a solid skeletal structure inhibits sedimentation. Particle intercept distributions are measured and found to be time independent when scaled by the average intercept. This invariance is interpreted as evidence that scale factor coarsening is present. The intercept distributions are in good agreement with the predictions of theory. Measurements of average intercept diameter as a function of time establish unambiguously that the coarsening follows the theoretically predictedt 1/3 kinetics. The coarsening rate constants are measured as a function of volume fraction solid and are found to exceed the values calculated from theory using the known thermophysical properties of the Pb-Sn system by factors ranging from approximately 2 to 5.

157 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed microscopical study revealed several deformation and fracture modes for /3-Ti alloy Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al microstructures with different yield stresses was established by combinations of forging and heat treatment.
Abstract: In the /3-Ti alloy Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al a variety ofα-andω-aged microstructures with different yield stresses was established by combinations of forging and heat treatment. Tensile tests have shown that plastic deformation and fracture are strongly influenced by the morphology, size, and volume fraction of the different types of a-phase (primary a, secondaryα, grain boundaryα), as well as by the-phase. A detailed microscopical study revealed several deformation and fracture modes. It appears that at several sites stress and strain concentrations and subsequent void nucleation can occur and that the quantitative combinations of the differentα-types determine which sites are active. The dominant deformation mode for the (α +gb) solution treated andα-aged conditions was a strain localization in theα-aged matrix leading to voids at the interface between aged matrix and primary a-phase. In case of theβ-solution treated andα-aged microstructures the grain boundaryα leads to a strain localization in the softα-film and to void nucleation at grain boundary triple points at low macroscopic strains. Based on the above mechanisms it is discussed in detail how varying size, volume fraction, and morphology of theα-phase affect the ductility. The embrittling effect ofω-particles can be largely reduced by a grain refinement.

157 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a model, based on a modified rule of mixtures, is presented to include the influence of porosity on the composite stiffness, which is validated with experimental data from the literature on several types of composites.

157 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023965
20222,020
2021744
2020736
2019786
2018696