Topic
Wastewater
About: Wastewater is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 92512 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1256590 citations. The topic is also known as: waste water.
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TL;DR: Green microalgae evaluated for their ability to support carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous removal in symbiosis with activated sludge bacteria during the biodegradation of four and eight times diluted piggery wastewater in batch tests showed that microalgal tolerance towards NH(3) was hypothesized as the key selection criterion.
204 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the effects of wastewater treatment plant discharge on various ecosystem components and functions of 2 morphologically and chemically impacted lowland streams near Berlin, Germany during each of 5 sampling campaigns.
Abstract: Secondary and tertiary wastewater treatment is common in developed countries, but little is known about the responses of lotic ecosystems to contemporary wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharge. We examined the effects of WWTP discharge on various ecosystem components and functions of 2 morphologically and chemically impacted lowland streams near Berlin, Germany. We sampled one reach upstream and one reach downstream of a WWTP in each stream during each of 5 sampling campaigns. Discharge of treated wastewater resulted in increased concentrations of total organic C, total N, and total P in the sediments and in elevated macrophyte and benthic invertebrate biomasses. However, adverse effects of the WWTPs on the benthic invertebrate communities were small compared to effects reported in previous studies. This difference was a result of the higher purification efficiency of modern WWTPs, but also of significant structural degradation and eutrophication of the streams that already had impoverished the invertebrate community upstream of the WWTPs. Whole-stream community respiration (CR24) and gross primary production (GPP) were both enhanced by WWTP discharge. WWTP discharge generally caused diminished NH4- and PO4-uptake efficiencies, but did not necessarily lead to diminished NO3- uptake efficiencies of streams. Increases in areal NO3-uptake rates caused by the discharge of a large municipal WWTP were high enough to result in increased load-specific NO3-uptake efficiencies. Our study shows that the effects of present-day WWTPs on stream ecosystem functioning clearly differ from the former impacts of poorly treated wastewater. Present-day WWTP discharges mainly cause eutrophication and subsequent side effects and low nutrient-retention efficiencies relative to the high nutrient concentrations and loads of impacted streams. Our results highlight the need for efficient tertiary treatment of wastewater and for the refinement of agricultural practices to reduce diffuse nutrient loadings. We found evidence that even efficiently treated wastewater can have extensive effects on stream ecosystem structure and function. Therefore, adequate dilution rates always should be considered when routing treated wastewater through lotic networks. Our findings on the response of key ecosystem variables to present-day WWTP loading underline the importance of scientifically based stream management.
204 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the suitability of the macrophyte Typha latifolia produced in a constructed wetland as a fuel was investigated in order to assess the role of the microphyte in the removal of biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), nitrogen, phosphorous and pathogens from raw municipal wastewater.
204 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the energy efficiency of conventional activated sludge followed by UF/MF-RO and MBR-RO, and showed that wastewater reuse is a very attractive energy option, and that schemes should be considered where possible using UF or MF-RO after conventional sewage treatment, or MBR for smaller schemes, or where space is at a premium.
203 citations
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: In this article, a Physico-chemical examination of water sewage and industrial effluents was performed. But the results showed that the water sewage was contaminated by industrial effluent.
Abstract: Physico-chemical examination of water sewage and industrial effluents , Physico-chemical examination of water sewage and industrial effluents , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
203 citations