Topic
Wastewater
About: Wastewater is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 92512 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1256590 citations. The topic is also known as: waste water.
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TL;DR: This review promotes further research on the removal efficiencies of pharmaceuticals in constructed wetlands, the removal mechanisms involved, the toxicity to constructed wetlands caused by pharmaceuticals, and the influences of certain important parameters to provide more and better convincing evidences.
466 citations
TL;DR: A detailed investigation on the agglomeration of oxide nanoparticles in wastewater streams revealed a high stabilization of the particles against clearance (adsorption on the bacteria from the sludge), suggesting a need to investigate nanoparticle clearance in more detail.
Abstract: The rapidly increasing production of engineered nanoparticles has created a demand for particle removal from industrial and communal wastewater streams. Efficient removal is particularly important in view of increasing long-term persistence and evidence for considerable ecotoxicity of specific nanoparticles. The present work investigates the use of a model wastewater treatment plant for removal of oxide nanoparticles. While a majority of the nanoparticles could be captured through adhesion to clearing sludge, a significant fraction of the engineered nanoparticles escaped the wastewater plant's clearing system, and up to 6 wt % of the model compound cerium oxide was found in the exit stream of the model plant. Our study demonstrates a significant influence of surface charge and the addition of dispersion stabilizing surfactants as routinely used in the preparation of nanoparticle derived products. A detailed investigation on the agglomeration of oxide nanoparticles in wastewater streams revealed a high stabilization of the particles against clearance (adsorption on the bacteria from the sludge). This unexpected finding suggests a need to investigate nanoparticle clearance in more detail and demonstrates the complex interactions between dissolved species and the nanoparticles within the continuously changing environment of the clearing sludge.
465 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the fundamentals of agricultural irrigation using treated municipal wastewater and the status of municipal wastewater reuse in Greece and Spain with studies related to the effects on soils and plants.
464 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a hollow fiber membrane microfiltration unit was employed to treat two types of activated sludge wastewater of different particle size distributions, and the performance of a combination of various membrane cleaning methods, such as clean water backwashing, sonication, and chemical cleaning, was investigated.
463 citations
01 Dec 2010
TL;DR: In this article, the importance of Electrode Material in the Electrochemical Treatment of Wastewater Containing Organic Pollutants for Wastewater Treatment has been discussed, including the use of both anode and cathode reactions in wastewater treatment.
Abstract: Basic Principles of the Electrochemical Mineralization of Organic Pollutants for Wastewater Treatment.- Importance of Electrode Material in the Electrochemical Treatment of Wastewater Containing Organic Pollutants.- Techniques of Electrode Fabrication.- Modeling of Electrochemical Process for the Treatment of Wastewater Containing Organic Pollutants.- Green Electroorganic Synthesis Using BDD Electrodes.- Domestic and Industrial Water Disinfection Using Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes.- Drinking Water Disinfection by In-line Electrolysis: Product and Inorganic By-Product Formation.- Case Studies in the Electrochemical Treatment of Wastewater Containing Organic Pollutants Using BDD.- The Persulfate Process for the Mediated Oxidation of Organic Pollutants.- Electrocoagulation in Water Treatment.- Electroflotation.- Electroreduction of Halogenated Organic Compounds.- Principles and Applications of Solid Polymer Electrolyte Reactors for Electrochemical Hydrodehalogenation of Organic Pollutants.- Preparation, Analysis and Behaviors of Ti-Based SnO2 Electrode and the Function of Rare-Earth Doping in Aqueous Wastes Treatment.- Wet Electrolytic Oxidation of Organics and Application for Sludge Treatment.- Environmental Photo(electro)catalysis: Fundamental Principles and Applied Catalysts.- Solar Disinfection of Water by TiO2 Photoassisted Processes: Physicochemical, Biological, and Engineering Aspects.- Fabrication of Photoelectrode Materials.- Use of Both Anode and Cathode Reactions in Wastewater Treatment.
463 citations