Topic
Wastewater
About: Wastewater is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 92512 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1256590 citations. The topic is also known as: waste water.
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TL;DR: This mini-review presents the types of microbial consortia in WWTP and discusses data on microbial groups including nitrifier, denitrifiers, Anammox bacteria, and phosphate- and glycogen-accumulating bacteria in full-scale aerobic systems to shed light on dependencies between the microbial ecology of biomass and the overall efficiency and functional stability of wastewater treatment systems.
Abstract: Bacterial metabolism determines the effectiveness of biological treatment of wastewater. Therefore, it is important to define the relations between the species structure and the performance of full-scale installations. Although there is much laboratory data on microbial consortia, our understanding of dependencies between the microbial structure and operational parameters of full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is limited. This mini-review presents the types of microbial consortia in WWTP. Information is given on extracellular polymeric substances production as factor that is key for formation of spatial structures of microorganisms. Additionally, we discuss data on microbial groups including nitrifiers, denitrifiers, Anammox bacteria, and phosphate- and glycogen-accumulating bacteria in full-scale aerobic systems that was obtained with the use of molecular techniques, including high-throughput sequencing, to shed light on dependencies between the microbial ecology of biomass and the overall efficiency and functional stability of wastewater treatment systems. Sludge bulking in WWTPs is addressed, as well as the microbial composition of consortia involved in antibiotic and micropollutant removal.
295 citations
TL;DR: Analyses of samples of municipal wastewater effluents and surface waters indicate that the method provides a robust and reproducible measurement of NDMA precursors over a wide range of conditions and demonstrates that NDMA formation during chlorination of wastewater and natural waters cannot be explained by dimethylamine concentrations alone.
295 citations
TL;DR: The role of applied treatment conditions for the efficiency of conventional treatment plants (CTP) and membrane bioreactors (MBR) concerning the removal of micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals, steroid- and xeno-estrogens is understood.
Abstract: As a consequence of insufficient removal during treatment of wastewater released from industry and households, different classes of organic micropollutants are nowadays detected in surface and drinking water. Among these micropollutants, bioactive substances, e.g., endocrine disrupting compounds and pharmaceuticals, have been incriminated in negative effects on living organisms in aquatic biotope. Much research was done in the last years on the fate and removal of those compounds from wastewater. An important point it is to understand the role of applied treatment conditions (sludge retention time (SRT), biomass concentration, temperature, pH value, dominant class of micropollutants, etc.) for the efficiency of conventional treatment plants (CTP) and membrane bioreactors (MBR) concerning the removal of micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals, steroid- and xeno-estrogens. Nevertheless, the removal rates differ even from one compound to the other and are related to the physico-chemical characteristics of the xenobiotics.
294 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that although the drugs ofabuse are not present at very high concentrations in river water, their occurrence and possible synergic action is of concern, and the study of multiple groups of drugs of abuse is of significant importance.
294 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a rapid physical-chemical method was developed for the determination of the readily biodegradable portion of influent soluble COD, which involves removal by flocculation and precipitation of colloidal matter that normally passes through 0.45 μm membrane filters.
294 citations