Showing papers on "Water environment published in 1969"
TL;DR: In this article, an index incorporating available soil-water supply and potential evapotranspiration was developed to give more precise definition to the crop water environment at the critical period and showed highly significant correlations with grain yields, accounting for 60-83% of the yield variation within individual wheat and grain sorghum varieties at Biloela.
123 citations
TL;DR: The results of an experiment designed to study the effect of several variables on the subcritical crack growth rate of a high-strength steel in a water environment are presented in this paper.
39 citations
Patent•
24 Dec 1969
TL;DR: A tank apparatus and method for providing optimum conditions for the growth and maturation of crustaceans during the post-larval period is provided in this article. But, the authors do not consider the problem of post larval stage to adult life.
Abstract: A tank apparatus and method for providing optimum conditions for the growth and maturation of crustaceans during the post-larval period. A series of interconnecting tanks is provided. Habitats are positioned in each growing tank to promote the growth of the post-larval crustaceans. The water environment in each tank is continuously changed to remove waste materials from the tank, thereby promoting growth of the crustaceans. The temperature of the water environment is also maintained at an optimum level to further such growth. A method for optimizing the growth of crustaceans during the post-larval stage to adult life.
18 citations
Patent•
07 Jul 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an instrument for measuring the normal condUCTance of a machine while it is located within a simulated water environment of varying dePTHs and pressure.
Abstract: THIS INVENTION IS AN INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING THE THERMAL CONDUCTANCE OF A MATERIAL WHILE IT IS LOCATED WITHIN A SIMULATED WATER ENVIRONMENT OF VARIOUS DEPTHS AND PRESSURES. A HEATER HEATS ONE SIDE OF SAID MATERIAL TO A TEMPERATURE APPROXIMATELY HUMAN BODY HEAT. SAID HEATER AND MATERIAL ARE SUBMERGED IN A TRAY OF ICE WATER LOCATED IN A PRESSURE TIGHT HOUSING. GAS UNDER CONTROLLED PRESSURE CONDITIONS IS USED TO PRESSURIZE THE INSIDE OF SAID HOUSING AND, THUS, APPLY WATER DEPTH SIMULATING PRESSURES TO BOTH SIDES OF SAID WETTED MATERIAL, SO AS TO EFFECT COMPRESSION THEREOF IN PROPORTION THERETO. WHILE COMPRESSED TEMPERATURE READINGS ARE TAKEN WITH THERMOCOUPLES LOCATED ON THE HEATER SIDE OF SAID MATERIAL WHICH EFFECTIVELY INDICATE THE BODY HEAT LOSS THERETHROUGH TO SAID ICE WATER. THE HEAT LOSS, IF ANY, IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE THERMAL CONDUCTANCE OF THE MATERIAL AT ANY GIVEN DEPTH SIMULATING PRESSURE.
5 citations
31 Dec 1969
TL;DR: In Denmark water abstraction data have been collected since the late 1970s as mentioned in this paper, and the purpose was to monitor and assess the groundwater resources available for future local water abstraction, which were collected not only from waterworks, but also from irrigation, industry etc.
Abstract: In Denmark water abstraction data have been collected since the late 1970s. Initially the purpose was to monitor and assess the groundwater resources available for future local water abstraction. For this reason, abstraction data were collected not only from waterworks, but also from irrigation, industry etc. Today water abstraction data are used for several purposes, for instance in water-balance calculations to estimate the available resource to wetlands, streams and lakes or to calculate the flow of chemical substances in the water environment.
5 citations
01 Jun 1969
TL;DR: The solubilities of azobenzene derivatives in water have been determined at 5 °C intervals from 0° to 40 °C to obtain the information both about the effect of polar groups on the solubility of aromatic compounds in water and about the action of polar group to the iceberg-formation in the vicinity of hydrophobic part of the solute in water environment.
Abstract: The solubilities of azobenzene derivatives in water have been determined at 5 °C intervals from 0° to 40 °C to obtain the information both about the effect of polar groups on the solubility of aromatic compounds in water and about the action of polar groups to the iceberg-formation in the vicinity of hydrophobic part of the solute in water environment. From the results the imaginary super cooled pure liquid has been taken as a standard state and the thermodynamic parameters of solution of azobenzene derivatives in water have been calculated.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermodynamic parameters for the process (A) which consists of the transfer of one mole of the solute from a water environment to an aqueous hydrotropic agent solution have been calculated from the equations (1), (2), and (3).
Abstract: The solubilities of disperse dyes such as azobenzene and p-hydroxyazobenzene in water and aqueous hydrotropic agent solutions were determined at 5°C intervals from 5°C to 40°C. The hydrotropic agents used in this work are urea, N-monomethylurea, N, N′-dimethylurea, formamide, and N, N-dimethylformamide.From the results the thermodynamic parameters for the process (A) which consists of the transfer of one mole of the solute from a water environment to an aqueous hydrotropic agent solution have been calculated from the equations (1), (2), and (3). Process (A): disperse dye in water (mole fraction N0)→ disperse dye in aqueous hydrotropic agent solution (mole fraction N)In any case the solubilities of disperse dyes in aqueous hydrotropic agent solutions increase regularly with the concentration of the hydrotropic agents. The effects of hydrotropic agents on the solubilities are in the following order, urea
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the solubilities of azobenzene and p-hydroxyazobenzenes in water and aqueous tetraalkylammonium halide (R4NX) solutions were determined at 5°C intervals from 5° C to 40°C.
Abstract: The solubililities of disperse dyes such as azobenzene and p-hydroxyazobenzene in water and aqueous tetraalkylammonium halide (R4NX) solutions were determined at 5°C intervals from 5°C to 40°C. The tetraalkylammonium halides used in this work are tetramethylammonium bromide (Me4NBr), tetraethylammonium chloride (Et4NCl), tetraethylammonium bromide (Et4NBr), tetraethylammonium iodide (Et4NI), and tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (n-Bu4NBr). All experiments were carried ou_??_ below the critical micell concentration of R4NX.From the results the thermodynamic parameters for the process (A) which consists of the transfer of one mole of the solute from a water environment to an aqueous R4NX solution have been calculated from the equations (1), (2) and (3).Process (A): disperse dye in water (mole fraction N0)→ disperse dye in aqueous R4NX solution (mole fraction N)In any case the solubilities of disperse dyes in aqueous R4NX solutions increase regularly with the R4NX concentration for any particular R4NX. It is to be noted that the effects of R4NX on the solubilities are in the follwing order, Me4NBr
2 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, some algae and microorganisms were examined and found to be tolerated and decontaminated various ionization radiations like α-, β-, and γ- radiations.
Abstract: BACKGROUND The waterborne or airborne radon causes carcinogenesis in the human bodies due to the continuous decay of α- and β- particles. The health risks related to radioactive radon instigate to develop an advanced technology for its removal from the environment. There are two standard techniques, such as aeration and activated carbon filtration, available for its removal. However, both of them face different technological drawbacks resulting in the processes either inefficient or inappropriate for the purpose. CONCLUSION There are several technologies utilizing either algae or microorganisms that could be useful in the bioremediation of radon. Some of the algae and microorganisms are examined and found to be tolerated and decontaminated various ionization radiations like α-, β-, and γ- radiations. In a US patent, the microalgae Coccomyxa actinabiotis isolated from a nuclear facility showed the properties of bioremediation towards radionuclides. They overcome the physiological stress in the extreme environment for their growth due to the evolution under the prolonged influence of high energy radiation. Further, they are stimulated by the process of cloning, genetic transformations and adaptations for the purpose of enhancing the tolerance and decontamination power. Therefore, biotechnological researches have lots of prospects to remove radon from the water environment using algae and microorganisms.
1 citations