scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Water environment

About: Water environment is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13384 publications have been published within this topic receiving 125138 citations.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Rong Shen1, Yichang Yu, Rong Lan, Ran Yu, Ze Yuan, Zhining Xia1 
TL;DR: The present study revealed that GTFX exposure can induce morphological and functional abnormalities on the cardiovascular system of zebrafish and can provide a valuable theoretical basis for the establishment of FQs environmental quality standards in water environment, environmental drug regulation and risk management.

52 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an integrated modeling system has been constructed with the hydrologic Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, capable of estimating river basin responses to alternative cropping and/or management strategies.

52 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, it has been known for years that microbial surface active agents have a wide range of applica- tions not only in oil spill environment but also in many industries, such as: (i) changing surface active phenomena such as lowering of surface and interfacial tensions, wetting and penetrating actions, spreading, hydrophylicity and hydrophobicity actions, microbial growth enhancement, metal sequestration and anti-microbial action attract the biotechnologist's attention to be substituted instead of synthetic ones.
Abstract: It has been known for years that microbial surface active agents have a wide range of applica- tions not only in oil spill environment but also in many industries. Their properties including: (i) changing surface active phenomena, such as lowering of surface and interfacial tensions, (ii) wetting and penetrating actions, (iii) spreading, (iv) hydrophylicity and hydrophobicity actions, (v) microbial growth enhancement, (vi) metal sequestration and (vii) anti-microbial action attract the biotechnologist's attention to be substituted instead of synthetic ones. There are many advantages of biosurfacants in comparison with chemically synthe- sized counterparts like biodegradability, generally low toxicity, biocompatibility and digestibility, availability of cheap raw materials, acceptable production economics, use in environmental control, specificity and Effective- ness at extreme temperatures, pH and Salinity. Hydrophobic petroleum hydrocarbons require solubilization before degradation by microbial cells. Surfactants can increase the surface area of hydrophobic materials, such as oil spills in soil and water environment, thereby increasing their water solubility. Hence, the presence of surfactants would increase biodegradation of complex hydrocarbons like asphaltenes and resins. Increasing supply of heavy crude oils, bitumens, distillation vacuum residue in most of oil producing countries has increased the interest in transportation and conversion of the high-molecular weight fractions of these materi- als into refined fuels and petrochemicals and also the interest of conversion of heavy fraction of crude oil like vacuum distillation residue to more valuable components.

52 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper provided a review of the water environment problems faced in China and a comparison with the European experience in dealing with such issues, with an attempt to emphasize the challenges in China.
Abstract: This paper provides a review of the water environment problems faced in China and a comparison with the European experience in dealing with such issues, with an attempt to emphasize the challenges in China. The paper also summarizes various studies in China to highlight the severity of water pollution problems faced by regulators, polluters and the general public. China’s water situation can be characterized by insufficient quantities of water, uneven distribution of water spatially and temporally, as well as poor water quality. Water pollution in China has spread from point source to non-point source, from fresh water to coastal water, and from surface water to groundwater. From the management and technological experience from EU, including water framework directive, water price system, desalination and groundwater recharge technologies, and from the analysis of water environment problems and management system in two regions, we could come to the conclusion that water price, water market and water tax could be introduced to China for water environment regulations. Moreover, it is necessary to establish a reliable risk assessment system for water quality, human health and ecological safety.

52 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a mathematical model is presented which successfully describes the degradation kinetics of polyamide-11 in pH 7 water, showing that there is a recombination reaction in the solid state, which may be described as a cage effect during hydrolysis−degradation of the amide bond.
Abstract: Multiangle laser light scattering (MALLS) is used to monitor changes in molecular weight during solid state aging of polyamide-11 (PA-11). A mathematical model is presented which successfully describes the degradation kinetics of PA-11 in pH 7 water. The MALLS results demonstrate that there is a recombination reaction in the solid state, which may be described as a cage effect during hydrolysis−degradation of the amide bond. During aging, the competing recombination and hydrolysis reactions lead to the formation of an equilibrium molecular weight. The equilibrium molecular weight is surprisingly high at about 26 000 in pH 7 water, a value close to the ductile−brittle transition. The activation energy of hydrolysis is 81 to 87 kJ/mol, close to the values of previous acid degradation studies and a recent value of 96 kJ/mol for hydrolysis of the peptide amide bond.

52 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Environmental pollution
100.4K papers, 1.1M citations
80% related
Sustainable development
101.4K papers, 1.5M citations
78% related
Wastewater
92.5K papers, 1.2M citations
77% related
Agriculture
80.8K papers, 1.3M citations
73% related
Ecosystem
25.4K papers, 1.2M citations
71% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202239
2021932
2020869
2019980
20181,015
2017916