Topic
Water environment
About: Water environment is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13384 publications have been published within this topic receiving 125138 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the aging rate of polypropylene (PP) microplastics was investigated in ultrapure water, estuary water, and seawater, and it was shown that the photo aging process of MPs was significantly decreased in seawater compared with that in freshwater water, leading to a longer resistance time after emission.
48 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The maximum allowed levels of these compounds in drinking water set by the WHO and a number of countries are very low (in the range of µg/l to a few mg/l), thus the majority of them can be referred to as charged micropollutants.
Abstract: A number of inorganic compounds, including anions such as nitrate(V), chlorate(VII), bromate (V), arsenate(III) and (V), borate and fluoride as well as metals forming anions under certain conditions, have been found in potentially harmful concentrations in numerous water sources. The maximum allowed levels of these compounds in drinking water set by the WHO and a number of countries are very low (in the range of µg/l to a few mg/l), thus the majority of them can be referred to as charged micropollutants. Several common treatment technologies which are nowadays used for removal of inorganic contaminants from natural water supplies, rep- resent serious exploitation problems. Membrane processes such as reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF) in hybrid systems, Donnan dialysis (DD) and electrodialysis (ED) as well as membrane bioreactors (MBR), if properly selected, offer the advantage of producing high quality drinking water without inorganic anions.
48 citations
TL;DR: The prominent selection pressure by the copper shock loading implies that a real accident most likely poses similar impacts on the water environment, and an accidental release of heavy metals would not only cause harm to the ecological environment, but also contribute to the development of bacterial antibiotic resistance.
48 citations
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the electrostatically embedded many-body expansion combined with neural network provides a promising and systematic way to build next-generation force fields at high accuracy and low computational costs, especially for large systems.
Abstract: We developed a novel neural network-based force field for water based on training with high-level ab initio theory. The force field was built based on an electrostatically embedded many-body expansion method truncated at binary interactions. The many-body expansion method is a common strategy to partition the total Hamiltonian of large systems into a hierarchy of few-body terms. Neural networks were trained to represent electrostatically embedded one-body and two-body interactions, which require as input only one and two water molecule calculations at the level of ab initio electronic structure method CCSD/aug-cc-pVDZ embedded in the molecular mechanics water environment, making it efficient as a general force field construction approach. Structural and dynamic properties of liquid water calculated with our force field show good agreement with experimental results. We constructed two sets of neural network based force fields: nonpolarizable and polarizable force fields. Simulation results show that the no...
48 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of ochre for phosphorus removal from sewage effluent and land drainage has been investigated in three settings: constructed wetlands for effluent treatment, addition of powdered ochree to polluted standing waters (e.g., sewage treatment tanks, septic tanks) so that phosphorus is stripped out as the Ochre settles; and treatment of agricultural drainage with ochres-filled filter and dosing units.
Abstract: Treatment of polluting discharges from abandoned mines is producing large quantities of ochre (mainly iron (III) oxides) for which no major end-use has yet been identified. Newcastle and Edinburgh Universities are currently conducting research to develop and test novel field-scale methods for use of ochre for phosphorus removal from sewage effluent and land drainage. Phosphorus pollution is a serious threat to the water environment in industrialised countries, causing eutrophication, algal blooms, fish kills and loss of water resources. Our prior experiments have demonstrated that ochre is an excellent adsorbent of phosphorus from solution. The ongoing research will build upon this preliminary work to develop valuable uses for a low-value by-product of mine water treatment, with benefits for the mining and water industries and the water environment as a whole. The project will assess the performance of ochre for phosphorus removal in three settings: constructed wetlands for sewage effluent treatment; addition of powdered ochre to polluted standing waters (e.g., sewage treatment tanks, septic tanks) so that phosphorus is stripped out as the ochre settles; and treatment of agricultural drainage with ochre-filled filter and dosing units. We will also examine the fate of spent ochre from these applications, when the material is saturated with phosphorus, to assess its performance and environmental acceptability as a slow-release fertiliser and thereby develop a total use cycle for ochre. The paper presents results that demonstrate the potential of ochre for phosphorus removal and discusses current research into this method of ochre use.
48 citations