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Water environment
About: Water environment is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13384 publications have been published within this topic receiving 125138 citations.
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TL;DR: Phenotypic plasticity to decreased water availability was seemingly maladaptive because under both experimental temperatures USA plants consistently performed worse than Chile plants in the low water environment, showing lower total biomass and fewer seeds per flower head.
Abstract: Ecological theory predicts a positive association between environmental heterogeneity of a given habitat and the magnitude of phenotypic plasticity exhibited by resident plant populations. Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) is a perennial herb from Europe that has spread worldwide and can be found growing in a wide variety of habitats. We tested whether T. officinale plants from a heterogeneous environment in terms of water availability show greater phenotypic plasticity and better performance in response to experimental water shortage than plants from a less variable environment. This was tested at both low and moderate temperatures in plants from two sites (Corvallis, Oregon, USA, and El Blanco, Balmaceda, Chile) that differ in their pattern of monthly variation in rainfall during the growth season. We compared chlorophyll fluorescence (photosynthetic performance), flowering time, seed output, and total biomass. Plants subjected to drought showed delayed flowering and lower photosynthetic performance. Plants from USA, where rainfall variation during the growth season was greater, exhibited greater plasticity to water shortage in photosynthetic performance and flowering time than plants from Chile. This was true at both low and moderate temperatures, which were similar to early- and late-season conditions, respectively. However, phenotypic plasticity to decreased water availability was seemingly maladaptive because under both experimental temperatures USA plants consistently performed worse than Chile plants in the low water environment, showing lower total biomass and fewer seeds per flower head. We discuss the reliability of environmental clues for plasticity to be adaptive. Further research in the study species should include other plant traits involved in functional responses to drought or potentially associated with invasiveness.
46 citations
TL;DR: Zhang et al. as mentioned in this paper analyzed contents of five heavy metals such as Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn as well as their chemical forms in surface sediments in this region.
46 citations
TL;DR: A novel direct Z-scheme β-Bi2O3@CoO heterojunction was well designed and successfully fabricated by in situ incorporating the two energy band-matched semiconductors, presenting a unique 3D hierarchical structure with a mass of open channels and mesoporous, which afforded not only rapid mass transfer of targets but also good light-harvesting in view of the multiple reflections.
45 citations
TL;DR: The distributions and environmental behavior of pesticides in river-reservoir system varied seasonally from river system to reservoir system, highlighting that most of the pesticides posed a high level of risk to the aquatic organisms.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed and evaluated the environment awareness of residents in the upper and middle reaches of the Haihe River Basin and the current situation of participation in water resource management of the river basin with one ten-thousandth of population as sampling.
Abstract: Effective public participation is the key factor to improve the efficiency of the river basin's water resource management and succeed in its comprehensive management. Anyang and Baoding city as typical urban modules, Qingfeng and Laishui county as rural modules, Boai and Anxin County as eco-sensitive area, in the upper and middle reaches of Haihe River Basin are selected in this paper for the research. Methods such as questionnaire survey, interview with interest groups and expert consultation are adopted to analyze and evaluate the environment awareness of residents in this basin, and the current situation of participation in the water resource management of the river basin (WRMRB) with one ten-thousandth of population as sampling. Residents among different reaches and different modules in Haihe River Basin are compared and evaluated in terms of environment knowledge, information circulation channel, water environment satisfaction, willingness to participate, and actual participation rate, etc. As the results show, the status quo of public participation in water resource management (WRM) is eco-sensitive areas>urban modules>rural modules, and the middle reaches> the upper reaches. The main channels for the public to obtain environment knowledge and information are personal experience and passive acceptance through media publicity; the channels of participation are not smooth, and the actual participation rate is lower than the percentage of the willingness to participate, which means there is a high uncertainty of willingness to participate. The main participation activities which the government carried out are publicity and education. It means that they failed to consider the river basin as a whole, and were unable to communicate smoothly within the upper and lower reaches of the basin and make the corresponding design; meanwhile, the decision-making was weak and the whole-process participation was not in place. The residents of this river basin haven’t formed a set of commonly-accepted values for this basin. Suggestions are made in three aspects: decision-making and whole-process participation; non-governmental environmental protection organizations’ role in promotion; environmental education in schools.
45 citations