Topic
Water environment
About: Water environment is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13384 publications have been published within this topic receiving 125138 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed primary environmental assessments for biodiversity conservation, the water environment, water level fluctuation zone, and the uplands after the partial filling in the Three Gorges reservoir region.
146 citations
TL;DR: Gardiner et al. as discussed by the authors presented a survey of changes of river channels in Europe during the Holocene (L. Starkel, V. Park, G. Petts, and G. Gardiner).
Abstract: Partial table of contents: Changing River Channels: The Geographical Tradition (G. Petts). TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DIMENSIONS. Changes of River Channels in Europe During the Holocene (L. Starkel). Channel Networks: Progress in the Study of Spatial and Temporal Variations of Drainage Density (V. Gardiner). Channel Cross-Sectional Change (C. Park). PROCESSES OF CHANGE. Bedload Transport and Changing Grain Size Distributions (B. Gomez). Catchment Sediment Budgets and Change (S. Trimble). INFORMATION FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE. Information Flow for Channel Management (M. Clark). Information from Topographic Survey (S. Downward). Information from Channel Geometry-Discharge Relations (G. Wharton). MANAGEMENT FOR CHANGE. River Channel Restoration: Theory and Practice (A. Brookes). Towards a Sustainable Water Environment (J. Gardiner). Index.
145 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Because of the ubiquity of PAH in the environment, it is impossible to prevent completely man's exposure to them; nevertheless their surveillance should be continued and their concentrations in the Environment should be reduced where practicable.
Abstract: Many polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are known to be carcinogenic to animals and probably to man. This review is concerned with carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic PAH in the water environment, with emphasis on 3,4-benzpyrene (BP) because it is ubiquitous, is one of the most potent of the carcinogenic PAH and has been widely studied. Although PAH are formed in combustion and other high-temperature processes, there is also evidence for their endogenous formation in plants, which may explain their ubiquity therein. Although the solubility of these compounds in pure water is very low, they may be solubilized by such materials as detergents, or they may otherwise occur in aqueous solution associated with or adsorbed on to a variety of colloidal materials or biota, and thereby be transported through the water environment. A notable characteristic of PAH is their sensitivity to light.PAH have been found in industrial and municipal waste effluents, and occur in soils, ground waters and surface waters, and their sediments and biota. With the exception of filtration or sorption by activated carbon, conventional water treatment processes do not efficiently remove them, and they have been found in domestic water supplies. Because of the ubiquity of PAH in the environment, it is impossible to prevent completely man's exposure to them; nevertheless their surveillance should be continued and their concentrations in the environment should be reduced where practicable.
144 citations
TL;DR: Investigation of the quantized rotation and ortho–para conversion of single water molecules trapped inside closed fullerene cages reveals that the ground state of encapsulated ortho water has a lifted degeneracy, associated with symmetry-breaking of the water environment.
Abstract: Inelastic neutron scattering, far-infrared spectroscopy, and cryogenic nuclear magnetic resonance are used to investigate the quantized rotation and ortho–para conversion of single water molecules trapped inside closed fullerene cages. The existence of metastable ortho-water molecules is demonstrated, and the interconversion of ortho-and para-water spin isomers is tracked in real time. Our investigation reveals that the ground state of encapsulated ortho water has a lifted degeneracy, associated with symmetry-breaking of the water environment.
143 citations
TL;DR: The main route of transmission of the human coronaviruses, and presumably also of the new pandemic SARS-CoV-2, is via droplets and close contacts, however their fecal elimination also suggests the possible spread via water.
143 citations