Showing papers on "Water scarcity published in 1968"

The main report

Abstract: The focal points of this study are the Indus River, which runs the length of West Pakistan, several of its tributaries, and a huge natural underground reservoir. In developing a realistic investment program for water and power, the Bank's study group had to consider a host of interrelated factors: the objective of maximizing economic returns, the competition for scarce resources, all aspects of agricultural production, alternative sources of water for irrigation, the country's projected electricity requirements, and the coordination of decisions regarding power generation and agriculture. Volume 1 of this report is a condensed, integrated version of the analysis and results of the entire study, including an evaluation of the huge Tarbela project, the problems of agricultural development, the interaction of agriculture with other sectors of the economy, the demand for power and means of meeting the demand, and areas of critical concern, such as the need for electrical interconnection within West Pakistan. Volume II gives a detailed discussion of irrigation and agriculture, including the use of improved seeds, fertilizers, new cropping patterns, and modern techniques of husbandry, in addition to the development of water resources. Volume III contains papers on the background and methodology of the study, particularly the macroeconomic framework, a linear program of irrigated agriculture in the Indus Basin, and a computer simulation of the power system.

Effects of the Northeast Water Crisis on the New York City Water Supply System

Abstract: York City derives virtually all its water supply varies from an almost negligible quantity in the summer season to heavy floods in the spring. The daily water requirement for municipal purposes greatly exceeds the minimum flows, and impounding reservoirs are therefore necessary to collect and store the flood flows during wet seasons for use during ensuing dry periods. There is a definite relation between

The Oil Shale Industry's Water Problems

Abstract: An oil shale industry producing 2 million bpd of oil can be expected to require each year the diversion of about 750,000 acre-ft for direct use, plus use by the population and affiliated industries which oil shale development will add to the economy of the upper Colorado River basin. Of this, about 500,000 acre-ft would be consumed, and about 250,000 acre-ft returned to the river. The total lawfully usable water supply in the upper basin is a good deal less than the total visible supply. This is due to interstate commitments to down-stream users. The effect, particularly in Colorado, is that there is not enough uncommitted water available for use in the state of origin to supply the anticipated water requirements of the oil shale industry. These requirements must be met in large part by purchasing existing water rights and perhaps reducing the state's agricultural economy in some degree as a partial offset to benefits to be derived from the new industry. The ultimate remedy, which may well occur, is importation of several million acre-feet annually, into the Colorado River basin from other watersheds.