Topic
Water scarcity
About: Water scarcity is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11579 publications have been published within this topic receiving 228756 citations. The topic is also known as: water shortage.
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TL;DR: Water markets in Australia9s Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) and the western USA are compared in terms of their ability to allocate scarce water resources as mentioned in this paper, finding that the gains from trade in the MDB are worth hundreds of millions of dollars per year (note that all monetary units of dollars in this article are treated as US$ because Australian$ are converted at par).
87 citations
TL;DR: An overview of the treatment performances of the constructed wetlands in the database is provided and their significance in the optic of water reclamation and reuse practices is discussed.
87 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss water policy priorities for climate change adaptation in the Mediterranean and suggest thresholds for water policy to respond to climate change and link water scarcity indicators to relevant potential adaptation strategies.
87 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an expansion of the current municipal water desalination market was related to the population growth and the groundwater scarcity in the coming 25 years in various regions of the world: Europe, The Caribbean, South East and Western Asia, GCC States and North Africa.
86 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the marginal price of water must be significant to bring supply and demand into balance, and the prices required to control demand are unlikely to be within the politically feasible range.
Abstract: Inadequate funding for maintenance of irrigation works and emerging shortages of water are prevalent. The use of water charges to generate resources for maintenance and to reduce demand is widely advocated. Examples from other utilities, and from the domestic/industrial sectors of water supply suggest the approach could be effective. In developing countries, the facilities required for measured and controlled delivery of irrigation are rarely in place, and would require a massive investment in physical, legal and administrative infrastructure. To be effective in curtailing demand, the marginal price of water must be significant. The price levels required to cover operation and maintenance (O&M) costs are too low to have a substantial impact on demand, much less to actually bring supply and demand into balance. On the other hand, the prices required to control demand are unlikely to be within the politically feasible range. Furthermore, water supplied is a proper measure of service in domestic and industrial uses. But in irrigation, and especially as the water resource itself becomes constrained, water consumption is the appropriate unit for water accounting. This is exceptionally difficult to measure. An alternative approach to cope with shortage would focus on assigning volumes to specific uses-effectively rationing water where demand exceeds supply. This approach has a number of potential benefits including simplicity, transparency, and the potential to tailor allocations specifically to hydrological situations, particularly where salinity is a problem. Data from Iran are presented to support these contentions.
86 citations