Weapon system

About: Weapon system is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2051 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8687 citations.

Homing Guidance Law for Cooperative Attack of Multiple Missiles

Abstract: OVER the past few years, there have been significant efforts devoted to the research and development of cooperative unmannedsystems [1–3].The formationflyingofmultipleunmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has been studied for radar deception, reconnaissance, surveillance, and surface-to-air-missile jamming in military operations. An example of a cooperative operational scenario of multiple vehicles is that of a small UAV flying over an urban area, dispensingmultiplemicro aerial vehicles to examinepointsof interest fromclosedistances [4].Agroupofwell-organized low-costmultiple vehicles can be far superior to a single high-technology and high-cost UAV in effectiveness. Tactical missile systems as well as UAVs provide more capabilities when they are organized as a coordinated group than when they are operated independently. Modern antiship missiles need to be able to penetrate the formidable defensive systems of battleships such as antiair defense missile systems and close-in weapon system (CIWS). CIWS is a naval shipboard weapon system for detecting and destroying incoming antiship missiles and enemy aircraft at short range. These defensive weapons with powerful fire capability and various strategies seriously intimidate the survivability of the conventional antiship missiles. Hence, antiship missile developers have made great efforts to develop a high-performance missile system with ultimate sea-skimming flight and terminal evasive maneuvering capabilities despite a huge cost. On the other hand, cooperative attack strategies have been studied to enhance survivability of the conventional ones. Here, a cooperative attack means that multiple missiles attack a single target or multiple targets cooperatively or, in a specific case, simultaneously [5,6]. Clearly, it is difficult to defend a group of attackers bursting into sight at the same time, even though each member is the conventional one in performance. So the simultaneous attack ofmultiple missiles is a cost-effective and efficient cooperative attack strategy. A simultaneous attack of a group of missiles against a single common target can be achieved by two ways. The first approach is individual homing, inwhich a common impact time is commanded to all members in advance, and thereafter each missile tries to home on the target on time independently. The second is cooperative homing, inwhich themissiles communicate among themselves to synchronize the arrival times. In other words, the missiles with larger times-to-go try to take shortcuts, whereas others with shorter times-to-go take detours to delay the arrival times. The first concept requires determination of a suitable common impact time before homing, but the second needs online data links throughout the engagement. Despite a number of studies on guidance problems related to timeto-go [7–10], studies on guidance laws to control impact time for a simultaneous attack are rare, except a few recent works by the authors. An impact-time-control guidance law (ITCG) for antiship missiles was developed in [5] and, as an extension of this study, a guidance law to control both impact time and angle (ITACG) was presented in [11]. These individual homing methods are based on optimal control theory, providing analytical closed-loop guidance laws. Herein, the desired impact time is assumed to be prescribed before the homing phase starts. Alternatively, this Note is concerned with a new guidance law based on the second approach, cooperative homing, for a simultaneous attack of multiple missiles. Proportional navigation (PN) is a well-known homing guidance method in which the rate of turn of the interceptor is made proportional with a navigation ratio N to the rate of turn of the line of sight (LOS) between the interceptor and the target. The navigation constant N is a unitless gain chosen in the range from 3 to 5 [12]. Although PNwithN 3 is known to be energy-optimal, an arbitrary N > 3 is also optimal if a time-varying weighting function is included into the cost function of the linear quadratic energy-optimal problem [13,14]. In general, the navigation ratio is held fixed. In some cases, however, it can be considered as a control parameter to achieve a desired terminal heading angle [15].Although PN results in successful intercepts under a wide range of engagement conditions, its control-efficiency is not optimal, in general, especially for the case of maneuvering targets [16]. Augmented proportional navigation, a variant of PN, is useful in cases in which target maneuvers are significant [12]. Biased proportional navigation is also commonly used to compensate for target accelerations and sensor noises or to achieve a desired attitude angle at impact [17]. Even if PN and its variants are alreadywell known andwidely used, they are not directly applicable to many-to-one engagements. This Note proposes a homing guidance law called cooperative proportional navigation (CPN) for many-to-one engagements: CPN has the same structure as conventional PN except that it has a time-varying navigation gain that is adjusted based on the onboard time-to-go and the times-to-go of the other missiles. CPN uses the time-varying navigation gain as a control parameter for reducing the variance of times-on-target of multiple missiles. This Note begins with the formulation of the homing problem of multiple missiles against a single target, subject to constraints on the impact time. Next, preliminary concepts such as the relative time-togo error and the variance of times-to-go of multiple missiles are introduced and a new guidance law is proposed. Then the major property of the law is investigated and the characteristics of the law for the case of twomissiles are examined in detail. Finally, numerical simulation results illustrate the performances of the proposed law.

Weapon aiming system

Abstract: A machine gun unit comprises a machine gun mounted to a support by a mounting permitting pivoting movement of the machine gun relative to the support in azimuth and/or elevation Angle encoders provide position signals representing angular displacement of the machine gun relative to the support An aiming system comprises a sensor, for example a CCD sensor, which provides a video signal representing a field of view for the aiming system, a display device for displaying the field of view, a manual input interface, a graphics artifact generator, and a digital signal processor (DSP) The DSP monitors the outputs of the angle encoders and controls the graphics artifact generator to combine the output of the graphics artifact generator with the output of the CCD sensor for display by the display device Various graphics artifacts can be provided Masks may be provided for delimiting field of fire A cursor may be repositioned to reflect superelevation requirements Target motion and opposing fire can be detected and highlighted Tracers can be simulated The weapon can also be used for surveillance, either alone or as part of a weapon system comprising a plurality of the weapons and a central command post

Autonomous weapon system

Abstract: An autonomous weapon system including weapon (9) and weapon mounting system (7, 8) operable to point the weapon (9) in accordance with input control signals. The weapon system includes a sensor (2) to acquire images and other data from a target zone and an image processor (3) to process acquired image data and identify potential targets (1) according to predetermined target identification criteria. Targeting system (4, 5) provides input control signals to the weapon mounting system (7, 8) to point the weapon (9) for firing at potential targets (1). A control system operates targeting system (4, 5) and fires the weapon (9) at selected targets (1) according to a predetermined set of rules of engagement. The rules of engagement include combat, peacekeeping or policing scenarios. Remotely located operator (10) may amend the rules of engagement, or override the control system as required.

Infantry wearable information and weapon system

Abstract: Wearable systems for providing situational awareness in battle or combat type conditions. More specially, modular, wearable, weapon integrated computer systems for gathering and transmitting data, wherein the systems include components tailorable for specific conditions or missions. Further provided are hardware and software for controlling such wearable systems and for communicating with remote system wearers.

The Air Force Digital Thread/Digital Twin - Life Cycle Integration and Use of Computational and Experimental Knowledge

Abstract: Computational and experimental fluid dynamics have been integrated into aeronautical system development processes in varying degrees over the last forty years and have yet to achieve their full promise for reducing the cost and time for development. What has been missing is a holistic advance in the integration not just of computers and wind tunnels but of the organizational constructs and development processes that enable unleashing the full capability of integrated computational and experimental methods. Recent Department of Defense (DoD) policies and guidance focused on organic engineering capabilities, government insight into technical performance, and application of system models over the life cycle are enabling a major paradigm shift toward life cycle integration of computational and experimental knowledge. In conjunction with these new policies, the United States Air Force is developing and applying a Digital Thread/Digital Twin analytical framework to provide engineering analysis capabilities and support to decision making over the entire lifecycle of air vehicles. The Digital Thread/Digital Twin merges physics-based modeling and experimental data to generate an authoritative digital representation of the system at each phase of the acquisition and sustainment process of a weapon system. In this paper the history of integrated computational and experimental fluid dynamics is reviewed as a precursor for the emerging paradigm shift toward a virtual government monopsony that enables a focused application of modeling capabilities and management of knowledge and tools over the life cycle. Illustrations of the potential impact of the new paradigm are also presented.