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Weather station

About: Weather station is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1789 publications have been published within this topic receiving 42864 citations. The topic is also known as: meteorological station & meteorological observation post.


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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2012-Oikos
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared weather station temperatures for an altitudinal (500900 m a.s.l.) and a latitudinal gradient (4968 degrees N) with data obtained by temperature sensors placed right below the soil surface at five sites along these gradients.
Abstract: Global warming has created a need for studies along climatic gradients to assess the effects of temperature on ecological processes. Altitudinal and latitudinal gradients are often used as such, usually in combination with air temperature data from the closest weather station recorded at 1.52 m above the ground. However, many ecological processes occur in, at, or right above the soil surface. To evaluate how representative the commonly used weather station data are for the microclimate relevant for soil surface biota, we compared weather station temperatures for an altitudinal (500900 m a.s.l.) and a latitudinal gradient (4968 degrees N) with data obtained by temperature sensors placed right below the soil surface at five sites along these gradients. The mean annual temperatures obtained from weather stations and adjusted using a lapse rate of -5.5 degrees C km-1 were between 3.8 degrees C lower and 1.6 degrees C higher than those recorded by the temperature sensors at the soil surface, depending on the position along the gradients. The monthly mean temperatures were up to 10 degrees C warmer or 5 degrees C colder at the soil surface. The within-site variation in accumulated temperature was as high as would be expected from a 300 m change in altitude or from a 4 degrees change in latitude or a climate change scenario corresponding to warming of 1.63.8 degrees C. Thus, these differences introduced by the decoupling are significant from a climate change perspective, and the results demonstrate the need for incorporating microclimatic variation when conducting studies along altitudinal or latitudinal gradients. We emphasize the need for using relevant temperature data in climate impact studies and further call for more studies describing the soil surface microclimate, which is crucial for much of the biota.

156 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe an approach that consists of a climate zonation scheme supple- mented by agronomical and locally relevant weather, soil and cropping system data.

153 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined observations of wind at Clyde River, Nunavut, Canada, and found that wind variability, wind speed, and wind direction have little change in wind parameters since the mid-1970s.
Abstract: Connecting indigenous and scientific observations and knowledge has received much attention in the Arctic, not least in the area of climate change. On some levels, this connection can be established relatively easily, linking observations of similar phenomena or of various effects stemming from the same cause. Closer examinations of specific environmental parameters, however, can lead to far more complex and difficult attempts to make those connections. In this paper we examine observations of wind at Clyde River, Nunavut, Canada. For Inuit, many activities are governed by environmental conditions. Wind, in particular, is identified by Inuit as one of the most important environmental variables, playing a key role in driving sea ice, ocean, and weather conditions that can either enable or constrain hunting, travel, or other important activities. Inuit observe wind patterns closely, and through many means, as a result of their close connection to the land and sea. Inuit in many parts of Nunavut are reporting changes in wind patterns in recent years. At Clyde River, a community on the eastern coast of Baffin Island, Inuit have observed that at least three key aspects of wind have changed over the last few decades: wind variability, wind speed, and wind direction. At the same time, wind observations are also available from an operational weather station located at Clyde River. An analysis of this information shows little change in wind parameters since the mid-1970s. Though the station data and Inuit observations correspond in some instances, overall, there is limited agreement. Although the differences in the two perspectives may point to possible biases that may exist from both sources—the weather station data may not be representative of the region, Inuit observations or explanations may be inaccurate, or the instrumental and Inuit observations may not be of the same phenomena—they also raise interesting questions about methods for observing wind and the nature of Arctic winds.

151 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a case-study data set of 2 years of daily climatic data (1989-1990) from 17 stations in the states of Nebraska, Kansas, and Colorado was used to compare alternative network designs and interpolation methods.

144 citations

01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, an ex-ante risk management framework for weather risk in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region is conceptualized, and two scenarios how weather insurance could be used as part of a wider national drought risk management strategy by Malawi.
Abstract: The main purpose of this report is to conceptualize an ex-ante risk management framework for weather risk in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. The report lays out an overall food security policy context and analyzes the role of weather risk management techniques for food security at the national level, taking Malawi as a case study, and the regional level for the entire SADC region. The paper sets the context for improving food security and reducing poverty, introduces the one instrument of weather-based insurance, and notes two scenarios how weather insurance could be used as part of a wider national drought risk management strategy by Malawi, namely budget insurance and a weather shock safety net.

142 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202347
202293
2021124
2020123
2019131
2018131