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Showing papers on "Weldability published in 1972"


01 Jan 1972
TL;DR: Extensive Varestraint testing of nickel alloys has shown that the test is an effective method to evaluate the weldability of the alloys in terms of resistance to hot cracking as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Extensive Varestraint testing of nickel alloys has shown that the test is an effective method to evaluate the weldability of the alloys in terms of resistance to hot cracking. Good correlation was found between the degree of weld­ ability indicated by the Varestraint test and actual welding experience for established alloys. The test meth­ od also accurately predicted the weldability of newly developed alloys.

22 citations


Patent
Fujimoto T1, Masumoto H1, Miida K1, Nishi T1, Okazaki T1, Shimada H1, Watanabe T1 
05 Jul 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a set of elements selected from the group consisting of arsenic, tin, beryllium, bismuth, lead, germanium, antimony, selenium and tellurium in an amount of 0.02 - 0.20 percent each.
Abstract: Corrosion resistant steels having improved weldability particularly sea-water resistant steels comprising 0.001 - 0.25 percent of carbon, 0.7 - 1.1 percent of silicon, 0.3 - 2.0 percent of manganese, 0.5 - 2.0 percent of chromium, 0.1 - 1.5 percent of molybdenum. 0.1 - 0.29 percent of copper, less than 0.04 percent of phosphorus, two or more elements selected from the group consisting of arsenic, tin, beryllium, bismuth, lead, germanium, antimony, selenium and tellurium in an amount of 0.02 - 0.20 percent each, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities.

16 citations


Patent
03 Apr 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the weldability of porous polyurethane foams with an open cell structure was improved by incorporating a finely divided welding auxiliary into the porous article while stretching or mechanically deforming it in at least one direction.
Abstract: The invention relates to the improvement of the weldability of articles of porous plastics, in particular of flexible polyurethane foams with an at least partial open cell structure. The improvement is obtained by incorporating a finely divided welding auxiliary into the porous article while stretching or mechanically deforming the porous article in at least one direction.

12 citations


Patent
19 Jan 1972
TL;DR: The refractory iron-base alloy according to the invention has the following composition: % BY WEIGHT Carbon from 0.05 to 0.20 Nickel do. 20 to 30 Columbium do. 0.6 to 2 Silicon do.
Abstract: The refractory iron-base alloy according to the invention has the following composition: % BY WEIGHT Carbon from 0.05 to 0.20 Nickel do. 30 to 40 Chromium do. 20 to 30 Columbium do. 0.2 to 2 Nitrogen do. 0.04 to 0.2 Manganese do. 0.6 to 2 Silicon do. 0.8 to 2 Iron and impurities complementary percentage Said alloy offers high resistance to creep, thermal shocks, heat fatigue and intergranular oxidation, as well as good weldability. More specifically, the proportion of the various elements comply with the formula:

9 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a 26 pet Cr ferritic stainless steel has been tested with a 30 lb. vacuum induction furnace and it was shown that nitrogen levels below 100 ppm can be achieved with reduced pressure and by gas rinsing.
Abstract: Tests with a 26 pet Cr ferritic stainless steel have shown that this alloy exhibits excellent weldability and corrosion resistance provided that the concentration of carbon plus nitrogen is in the range of 150 ppm or below. Thermodynamic calculations predict that these low carbon and nitrogen concentrations are attainable with reduced pressure and by gas rinsing. Levitation melting experiments were performed to show that under conditions of intense surface stirring, large metal surface area to volume ratio, and high rinsing gas flow rate, very low nitrogen contents approaching theoretical equilibrium concentrations can be reached. Experiments in which methane, hydrogen and argon were purged through a 30 lb. vacuum induction furnace showed that nitrogen levels below 100 ppm can be reached. However, the required purging times are lengthy and limit the commercial practicality of this method.

4 citations


Patent
29 Feb 1972
TL;DR: Wrought alloy products for use in the chemical and food industries are characterized by a combination of good resistance to intergranular corrosion and excellent resistance to stress-corrosion cracking, even in the presence of chlorides as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Wrought alloy products for use in the chemical and food industries, more particularly tubular products such as condenser tubing, super-heater tubing, sheathing for heating elements, and the like The products are fashioned by extrusion, piercing or other processing from an austenitic chromium-nickel-iron alloy possessing a combination of good hot-workability and good weldability The wrought products are characterized by a combination of good resistance to intergranular corrosion and excellent resistance to stress-corrosion cracking, even in the presence of chlorides The alloy, in addition to iron, contains chromium in the amount of 15% to 25%, nickel in amount greater than 25% but less than 35%, manganese 3% to 12%, carbon 06% to 30% with the minimum carbon requirement increasing with descending nickel contents

3 citations


Patent
08 Mar 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a novel additive coating system for applying to carbon STEEL substrates, where the POWDERED METALS or PIGMENTS are attached to the CARBON STEEL SUBSTRATES VIA any of a number of LIQUID SILICATE BINDERS, the use of which is well established in the PRIOR art.
Abstract: THE PRESENT INVENTION PERTAINS TO A NOVEL COATING SYSTEM FOR APPLICATION TO CARBON STEEL SUBSTRATES. THE COATING PROVIDES EXCEPTIONAL ARE BEHAVIORAL PROPERTIES DURING THE METAL JOINING BY FUSION OR RESISTANCE WELDING OF SUCH SUBSTRATES, VIA ITS METALLURGICAL INFLUENCE ON THE WELD ZONE. THE FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF THIS COATING BASICALLY COMPRISE A CAREFULLY BALANCED MIXTURE OF A SACRIFICIAL OR ANODIC METAL AND A METAL ALLOY SUCH AS CHROMIUM OR NICKEL WHICH SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECTS THE WELDABILITY AND WELD PROPERTIES OF THE COATING. THE POWDERED METALS OR PIGMENTS ARE ATTACHED TO THE CARBON STEEL SUBSTRATES VIA ANY OF A NUMBER OF LIQUID SILICATE BINDERS, THE USE OF WHICH IS WELL ESTABLISHED IN THE PRIOR ART. PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS INCLUDE VARIOUS ADDITIONAL CONSTITUENTS, E.G. MATERIALS SUCH AS BORON OR MAGNESIUM TO INCREASE ROCKWELL HARNESS AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HIGH TEMPERATURE CREEP. AMONG THE UNIQUE FEATURES AND ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT COATING IS THE REALIZATION OF AN UNUSUAL BALANCE OF FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES, THE MOST SIGNIFICANT OF WHICH ARE THE BENEFICIAL CONTRIBUTION TO THE METALLURGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE FINISHED WELD, WHILE ACTUALLY IMPROVING THE STABLE ELECTRICAL ARC DISCHARGE NORMALLY ASSOCIATED WITH RESISTANCE WELDING. A FURTHER ADVANTAGE OF THIS COATING CONCEPT IS THAT IS ALLOWS ARRANGEMENT OF SELECTED METALLIC CONSTITUTENTS WITHIN THE COATING IN SUCH A MANNER AS TO ASSURE OPTIMUM SILICATE TO SILICATE BONDING WHEN OVERCOATING WITH A CONVENTIONAL INORGANIC ZINC COATING AFTER FABRICATION OF THE STRUCTURE IS COMPLETED.

2 citations





Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a weld thermal-restraint stress and strain-cycles simulator, briefly "Thermal Restraint Simulator; Thermorestor", which enables us to simulate various phenomena caused by welding, and to analyze separately the effects of each factor such as thermal cycles, restraint stress cycles, strain cycles and atmosphere upon materials, has been developed.
Abstract: A weld thermal-restraint stress and strain-cycles simulator, briefly "Thermal Restraint Simulator; Thermorestor", which enables us to simulate various phenomena caused by welding, and to analyze separately the effects of each factor such as thermal cycles, restraint stress cycles, strain cycles and atmosphere upon materials, has been developed.It is confirmed that this apparatus can be applied to making clear weld cracking phenomena, to evaluation of weldability of base metal, to selection of welding materials, to establishment of welding procedure and so on.Examples of standard programs and their application tests for investigation of welding phenomena with this apparatus are as follows:1) The program of a rigid restraint control during synthetic weld thermal cycles can make clear the weld hot crack sensitivity in the heat-affected zone of base metals.2) By the program of enforced strain control during synthetic weld thermal cycles they can investigate the hot crack sensitivity and the propagation characteristics of micro-cracks of base metlas or weld metals, and me program is useful for selection of base metals or welding materials.3) The program of a constant strain control during cooling of a notched specimen charged with hydrogen at a high temperature can make cleur the phenomena of delayed cracking due to hydrogen, and is very useful for the evaluation of cold crack sensitivity during welding and dealyed cracking characteristic during operation.4) The programs of various controlled strain or stress during weld post-heat treatment can make clear stress relaxation and anneal cracking phenomena, and are used for decision of the conditions of stress relief heat treatment and the evaluation of anneal crack sensitivity of base metals.

01 Dec 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, three types of CVD tungsten (fluoride-produced, chloride-produced and the combination of the two which is termed duplex) were evaluated to determine their weldability, high temperature strength and structural stability during 5000 hour exposure to temperatures of 1540 C and 1700 C.
Abstract: Three types of CVD tungsten (fluoride-produced, chloride-produced and the combination of the two which is termed duplex) were evaluated to determine their weldability, high temperature strength and structural stability during 5000 hour exposure to temperatures of 1540 C and 1700 C. Each type of CVD tungsten could be successfully electron beam welded but the results for the chloride product were not as satisfactory as those of the other two materials. The high temperature strength behavior of the three materials did not differ greatly. However a large difference was noted for the grain growth behavior of the two basic CVD tungsten materials. Fluoride tungsten was found to be relatively stable while for the most part the grain size of chloride tungsten increased appreciably. The examination of freshly fractured surfaces with a scanning electron microscope revealed numerous bubbles in the fluoride material following its exposure to 1700 C for 5000 hours. Less severe thermal treatments produced relatively few bubbles in this material. Only at certain locations within the chloride material associated with the interruption of tungsten were bubbles noted.

01 Jul 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a semi-levitation technique and bottom pouring in graphite crucible was used for induction melting of four titanium alloys, including Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-11Mo-4.5Sn-6Zr.
Abstract: : Induction melting of titanium alloys using a semi-levitation technique and bottom pouring in graphite crucible was evaluated for four titanium alloys. Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr (Beta C), and Ti-11Mo-4.5Sn-6Zr (Beta 111). Precision investment (lost wax) casting molds coated with pyrolytic graphite were used with the melting technique to make castability, tensile specimen, and bearing housing segment castings. Castability and tensile properties of the alloys were characterized. Bearing housing segments were subject to porosity which was extensively studied. Process capabilities and limitations were investigated for induction melting and the pyrolytic graphite coated mold. Properties of castings were determined, and weldability of the four cast alloys evaluated. Effects of the casting process on microstructure were investigated.