Showing papers on "Weldability published in 1984"

Aluminum-lithium alloys II

Abstract: The topics covered in this volume include: methods of alloy preparation (including ingot casting, rapid solidification, and mechanical alloying); processing and alloying effects on microstructure and properties; superplastic deformation; and physical metallurgy fundamentals. Other topics discussed include: weldability; sodium and hydrogen effects on fracture; corrosion behavior (including general corrosion, stress corrosion, and high-temperature oxidation); and monotonic and cyclic properties at ambient and elevated temperatures. Attention is also given to the use of Al-Li alloys in aircraft structures.

Heat treatment, aging effects, and microstructure of 12 Pct Cr steels

Abstract: The 12 pct Cr steels are attractive materials for advanted steam generators. In support of the DEBENE project for the development of a sodiumcooled fast reactor, a materials program is in progress to show the applicability of these steels. The program comprises mechanical, corrosion, and weldability tests. Additionally, extensive microstructural investigations are carried out, including optical microscopic examinations, scanning electronmicroscopy, and transmission electronmicroscopy on thin foils and extraction replicas are used. In this paper, some of the results, mainly obtained from a number of heats of 12CrlMoV steel (DIN X20CrMoV121) have been described. Information has been given concerning general features of the microstructure, in relation to the chemical composition and the heat treatment; microstructural changes due to thermal aging; and influence of melting method, product form, and size of the steel on structure and properties.

Production and Welding Technology of Some High-Temperature Nickel Alloys in Relation to Their Properties

Abstract: The most effective matching of alloys to the needs of advanced high-temperature gas-cooled reactors requires not only a knowledge of material properties, but also some understanding of the inherent...

Surface treated steel sheet for welded can

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide a titled steel sheet provided with both excellent adhesiveness of a coated film and weldability by forming a tin-iron-nickel ternary alloy layer on the surface of a steel sheet and forming island-shaped metallic tin on the top layer thereof. CONSTITUTION:The surface of a steel sheet is subjected to nickel plating as an embodiment and is then subjected to an annealing and diffusion treatment by heating and further to a melting treatment by heating so that a tin-iron-nickel ternary alloy layer and metallic tin having an island shape thereon are formed. The tin content in the ternary alloy layer is 0.05-1.0g/m per surface in terms of metallic tin and the island-shaped metallic tin is 20-70% film area rate [expressed as A(%)]; further the content W(g/m ) of metallic tin is made to satisfy the equation W>=0.2XA/100. The surface treated steel sheet for welded cans which is excellent in both adhesiveness of a coated film and weldability is thus obtd. A chromic oxide layer or metallic chromium layer and chromic oxide layer are provided on the uppermost layer by a chemical treatment at 5-20mg/m per side according to need.

Metallurgical and process variables affecting the resistance spot weldability of galvanized sheet steels

Abstract: Zinc coating integrity, composition, thickness, roughness, and the presence of Fe-Zn intermetallics are being investigated with regard to the mechanism of weld nugget formation. This information is being used in conjunction with the optimization of the weld process parameters; such as upsloping, downsloping, preheating, postheating, and double pulsing, to provide the widest range of acceptable welding conditions. Dynamic inspection monitoring of the welding current, voltage, force, and nugget displacement is being used to follow the progression of nugget formation and to assist in the evaluation of optimum process and material characteristics. It has been found that hot-dipped galvanized materials with coatings which have a very thin Fe-Zn alloy layer, have a wider range of acceptable welding conditions than the commercial galvannealed products, which have a fully alloyed Fe-Zn coating. Small variations in the thickness and roughness of the G90 hot-dipped coatings studied seem to have no significant effect on the welding current range. Upsloping and downsloping of the weld current increases the welding range of hot-dipped products when using truncated cone electrodes, whereas sloped current has no advantage for galvannealed or uncoated materials. Radiused electrodes can increase the lobe width of hot-dipped products but are not beneficial when using slopedmore » current or when welding galvannealed or uncoated materials.« less

Composite material for supporting member of heating furnace

Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a titled composite material having improved resistance to oxidation, compression, thermal impact, etc. by dispersing uniformly a prescribed ceramic particles having a specific grain size into a matrix consisting of a heat resistant metal. CONSTITUTION: 50W90vol% ≥1 kinds of ceramics having ≤5mm average grain size are uniformly dispersed and incorporated into the matrix consisting composed of an alloy consisting essentially of Co or Ni or heat-resistant metal or alloy consisting of a stainless steel, etc. The ceramics are selected from Al 2 O 3 , 3Al 2 O 3 , 2SiO 2 , ZrO 2 , SiC 2 , Si 3 N 4 , AlN, TiN, sialon, etc. The composite material having excellent resistance to compressive creep at a high temp., mechanical impact, thermal impact, oxidation, wear, etc. excellent weldability is formed by such compsn. The material is applied for a supporting member of a heating furnace such as skid rail, skid button, etc. COPYRIGHT: (C)1985,JPO&Japio

Surface-treated steel sheets

Abstract: A surface-treated steel sheet comprises a steel base having three surface layers thereon, the three surface layers consisting of a bottom layer containing at least 30 mg/m of metallic chromium, a middle layer containing at least 10 mg/m of metallic tin or at least 10 mg/m of tin-nickel alloy containing 20 to 60 weight % of nickel and a top layer of 2 to 18 mg/m , calculated as chromium of hydrated chromium oxide. The surface-treated steel sheets according to the invention have excellent weldability and corrosion resistance and are of particular use in the manufacture of cans.

Austenitic heat-resistant alloys

Abstract: An austenitic heat-resistant alloy consisting of (by weight): 0.02-0.15% C, 0.3-2.0% Si, 0.3-1.5% Mn, 18-25% Cr, 20.5-50% Ni, 0.5-3.0% Mo, 0.03-0.3% Ti, 0.05-0.6% Nb, 0.003-0.01% B, no more than 0.04% P, and no more than 0.005% S, with the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities, and satisfying the conditions Nb/Ti = 0.5-3 (atomic ratio) and (Nb + Ti)/(C + N) = 0.2-0.85 (atomic ratio). The alloy is particularly useful as a boiler material, and shows excellent strength and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures as well as excellent weldability.

Criteria for the Weldability of Contact Materials in Adiabatic Transient Conditions

Abstract: A criterion of weldability of contact materials in adiabatic ransient conditions is determined as a quantity which is directly proporional to the square root of the adiabatic welding integral (i.e., the Joule veiding integral) and inversely proportional to the contact material hardless at the temperature before the transient process starts. In the range of he rated operating temperatures, the criterion appears to be almost independent of the welding integral for the most practical contact metals beause of the coincident reduction in hardness. The values of this criterion are calculated and compared versus a similar criterion for the steady-state egime, for most metals, a number of alloys, and some of the sintered compounds usually applied in contact design.

Steel for dry and corrosive environment containing chloride at high temperature

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain the titled steel having superior strength and long-time stability at high temp., superior weldability and bendability as well as extremely superior corrosion resistance by reducing the amount of C in the high Ni steel having a specified composition and by adding a prescribed amount of Mo, W or V. CONSTITUTION: The titled steel consists of, by weight, ≤0.05% C, 0.1W2.0% Si, ≤2.0% Mn, 18W26% Cr, 16W30% Ni, one or more among 0.5W4.0% Mo, 0.01W 4.00% W and 0.01W4.00% V, and the balance Fe or further contains 0.02W0.25% N and/or ≤1.5% Ti and/or ≤1.5% Nb. The steel has extremely superior corrosion resistance even in a dry and corrosive environment contg. chloride at high temp. and also has superior strength and long-time stability at high temp., superior weldability and bendability. COPYRIGHT: (C)1985,JPO&Japio

Metallic chromium-nickel-hydrated chromium oxide-coated tin free steel and process for the production thereof

Abstract: Tin free steel having three layers consisting of a bottom layer of metallic chromium, a middle layer of metallic nickel and a top layer of hydrated chromium oxide on a steel base, and a method for the continuous production of this tin free steel which comprises; (a) chromium plating a steel base to form a layer of metallic chromium and hydrated chromium oxide; (b) nickel plating the chromium plated steel base by using a nickel plating electrolyte sufficiently acidic to dissolve the hydrated chromium oxide and (c) forming a hydrated chromium oxide layer on the chromium plated nickel plated steel base. Instead of step (b) in the above method, a cathodic treatment in an acidic solution can be carried out for the removal of the hydrated chromium oxide formed during chromium plating, and thereafter nickel plating can be carried out. This tin free steel is useful for producing welded can bodies at high speed without removing the plated layer in the welded part, since it has an excellent weldability.

Manufacture of low-carbon high-tension tough steel plate having two-phase structure

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a high strength steel plate having superior toughness and weldability as rolled by subjecting a steel contg. prescribed percentages of C, Si, Mn, Nb, Ti, B, N, Sol l, Cu, Cr, Mo, etc. to hot and mechanical working under prescribed conditions. CONSTITUTION:A steel contg., by weight, 0.005-0.05% C, =950 deg.C, and cooled to =7 deg.C/sec cooling rate. It is rolled at >=50% total draft, and after finishing the rolling at 780-600 deg.C, air cooling or water cooling is carried out.

Manufacture of high strength, high toughness steel for pressurized vessel

Abstract: PURPOSE: To manufacture the titled steel having good weldability, by rolling a steel having a specified compsn. composed of C, Si, Mn, Cr, Mo, Ni, Al, V, Nb, Ti, B, N and Fe under a suitable condition. CONSTITUTION: The steel composed of 0.03W0.12wt% C, >0.10W0.80% Si, >0.45W 0.80W 0.10W 0.10W 0.010W<0.040% Sol Al, and one or 2 kinds of 0.05W0.40% V, 0.02W0.20% Nb, further <0.010 Ti, 0.0002W0.0010% B, <0.0040% N, while satisfying a relation of N<14/48×Ti+0.0024% and the balance Fe with inevitable impurities. Said steel is heated to ≥1,200°C temp., then rolled at ≥1,050°C temp. by ≥30% cumulated draft, said plate is quenched directly, finally tempered to obtain the titled steel. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio

Manufacture of thick high tensile strength steel sheet superior in weldability and low temperature toughness

Abstract: PURPOSE:To manufacture a thick high tensile steel sheet superior in weldability and low temp. toughness by applying hot rolling so that the local deformation ratio at plate thickness center part becomes a specified value, then cooling forcibly up to a specified temp. range, further air cooling. CONSTITUTION:A steel slab contg. by weight = two kinds among =50mm. thick plate so that the local deformation ratio at the plate thickness center part indicated by a formula becomes >=50% in the temp. range of Ar3+100 deg.C-Ar3. Just after the hot rolling, said plate is water cooled up to 350-600 deg.C by >=1 deg.C/sec rate, then air cooled. The thick high tensile steel plate superior in weldability, low temp. toughness of the plate thickness center part can be manufactured.

Initial development of nickel and nickel-iron aluminides for structural uses

Abstract: Initial development of ductile nickel and nickel-iron aluminides has concentrated on boron-doped Ni/sub 3/Al alloyed with iron and other elements. The aluminide can dissolve no more than 15 at. % Fe, beyond which formation of both transformed B2 phase (..beta..') and disordered fcc phase (..gamma..) is observed. Nickel-iron aluminides were tensile tested as a function of temperature. Iron additions strengthen Ni/sub 3/Al effectively at temperatures to 850/sup 0/C. The yield stress of the nickel-iron aluminides increases with test temperature and reaches a maximum around 650/sup 0/C. The high-temperature strength of the aluminides can be further improved by alloying with less than 2 at. % Hf. Hafnium-modified aluminides are stronger than commercial superalloys, including some cast superalloys. Hot corrosion behavior of nickel-iron aluminides was determined in quartz capsules and in a circulating loop system containing a supply of CaSO/sub 4/ at temperatures to 871/sup 0/C (1600/sup 0/F). The combined results from these tests showed the dependence of sulfidation on oxygen partial pressure and verified that the sulfidation attack of aluminides in capsule tests was caused by oxygen depletion in a closed system with a limited supply of oxygen. The aluminides exhibited superior oxidation resistance in air at temperatures to 1100/sup 0/C.more » The ductile aluminides are prone to hot cracking during welding. However, they can be electron beam welded successfully under closely controlled conditions. Boron content and welding speed affect the weldability of the aluminides.« less

Stainless steel with superior corrosion resistance, workability and weldability

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve the corrosion resistance, workability and weldability of a stainless steel, by reducing the amount of Cr in the composition, restricting the amounts of elements to be added, and specifying the relation between Cr and C+P and the gammap value. CONSTITUTION:A stainless steel is composed of, by weight, =15%. To the steel may be added a proper amount of one or more among Mo, Cu, Ti, Nb, V and B. By the composition the characteristics of the weld zone of the low Cr stainless steel and the corrosion resistance, etc. of the steel are improved.

Manufacture of high-tension low-alloy steel pipe with high weldability

Abstract: PURPOSE:To manufacture a high-tension low-alloy steel pipe with superior weldability by subjecting a low-alloy steel pipe contg. specified percentages of C, Si, Mn, Cr, Mo and V to heating, normalizing and tempering under specified conditions. CONSTITUTION:A low-alloy steel pipe consisting of 0.25-0.35% C, 0.40-0.80% Si, 0.40-1.00% Mn, 0.9-1.60% Cr, 0.30-0.70% Mo, 0.10-0.40% V and the balance Fe is heated to about 900-950 deg.C to austenitize the structure. The pipe is normalized at 3,000-6,500 deg.C/hr cooling rate, and it is tempered at 500-650 deg.C. A high-tension low-alloy steel pipe having favorable surface properties, high dimensional accuracy and superior tensile strength such as >=120kg/mm. is obtd.

High tension cast steel for centrifugal casting

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain the titled cast steel consisting of prescribed percentages of C, Si, Mn, P, S, Ni, Cr, Mo, V, Cu, sol. Al and Ti and the balance Fe with impurities, having high tensile strength, superior weldability and toughness at low temp., and suitable for use in the centrifugal casting of a thick pipe of a large diameter. CONSTITUTION:This high tension cast steel for centrifugal casting consists of 0.07-0.15% C, 0.2-0.5% Si, 0.8-1.5% Mn, =80kg/mm. tensile strength, toughness at low temp. expressed by >=about 8kg.m Charpy impact absorption energy at -40 deg.C and high weldability by subjecting to diffusion treatment, hardening and tempering after centrifugal casting.

Weldability and weld performance of a special grade Hastelloy-X modified for high-temperature gas-cooled reactors

Abstract: The characteristics of weld defects in the electron beam (EB) welding and the tungsten inert gas (TIG) arc welding for Hastelloy-XR, a modified version of Hastelloy-X, are clarified through the bea...

Steel for line pipe having superior corrosion resistance and weldability

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain a steel for a line pipe having superior corrosion resistance and weldability by adding specified percentages of C, Si, Mn, Ni, Cr, Mo, Al, P, S and N to Fe. CONSTITUTION: A steel consisting of, by weight, ≤0.02% C, ≤1.0% Si, ≤2.0% Mn, 0.5W3.0% Ni, 11W15% Cr, 0.5W1.5% Mo, 0.01W0.10% Al, <0.03% P, <0.003% S, <0.02% N and the balance Fe with inevitable impurities is manufactured. The steel may further contain 1W5 times as much Ca as S and 0.10W0.15% V. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio

Austenitic high-alloy stainless steel with superior weldability and hot workability

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide high weldability and hot workability to an austenitic high- alloy stainless steel with high corrosion resistance by adding proper amounts of Al, Ca and V to the steel contg. much Cr, Ni, Mo and N. CONSTITUTION:The composition of an austenitic high-alloy stainless steel is composed of, by weight, <0.06% C, 0.1-1% Si, <2% Mn, 15-35% Cr, 10-40% Ni, 0.5-7% Mo, 0.05-0.4% N, 0.01-0.1% Al, 0.001-0.02% Ca, 0.05% V and the balance Fe with inevitable impurities. The weldability and hot workability are further improved by adding <0.1% REM and/or <0.01% B besides said elements.