Westernization

About: Westernization is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1154 publications have been published within this topic receiving 15791 citations. The topic is also known as: occidentalization.

The Economic Impact of Study Abroad on Chinese Students and China’s Gross Domestic Product

Abstract: China has become a global economic powerhouse creating one of the largest middle class populations in the world. A large number of Chinese citizens have acquired personal wealth and created a strong expansion in higher education. Since China opened economic doors, the country has been undergoing westernization in culture and education and is now experiencing growth in study abroad. This paper examines the relationship between Chinese students who study abroad and the impact those students have on China’s Gross Domestic Product. The authors explore the benefits to both students and China due to studying abroad in the US

Transformation of civilizational identity in russia at the turn of the xx–xxi centuries: from westernization to eurasianism

Abstract: В предыдущей публикации из предполагаемой серии статей, посвященных трансформации коллективной идентичности в России, был рассмотрен вопрос о внешних факторах, влияющий на такую трансформацию. Под этими факторами автор статьи подразумевает взаимоотношения России, с одной стороны, с Америкой, а с другой – с Китаем. Цель настоящей статьи – осмысление актуальной трансформации цивилизационной идентичности России, вектор которой определен как движение от вестернизации к евразийству. Этап, связанный с вестернизацией, Россия прошла еще на том этапе истории, который называют петровской империей. В ХХ веке, и особенно во второй его половине, Россия входит в этап американизации: Америка в этот период становится одним из лидеров в мировой истории. Не успела Россия пережить этот очередной этап, как ситуация стала изменяться в результате усиления в мире китайской цивилизации. Так, в наше время идея русских ученых, эмигрантов – евразийцев, доказывавших, что Россия представляет не романо-германский, а евразийский регион, уже не кажется утопией. Ясно, что изменения в мире не могут не способствовать трансформации коллективной идентичности России. С этой точки зрения, она уж точно – никакой не «третий Рим». Ее «прописку» следует искать на Востоке, что и сделал, например, О. Шпенглер. Обращаясь к фильмам М. Антониони, О. Иоселиани и др., автор пытается проследить такие изменения в разных цивилизациях, в том числе, и в России. Тема будет продолжена в последующих публикациях начавшейся серии.

Exploring Selected Cultures in Mitigating an Array of Social Vices in South Africa. A Literature Review

Abstract: The aim of this article is to explore the role of selected cultural practices and assess how they can be a panacea in mitigating the state of social vices in South Africa. The article uses a review of literature methodology. Findings indicate that Africans were hoodwinked by white people to abandon their cultures for western based cultures; African cultures continue to weaken as they succumb to forces of westernization, eurocentrism, modernization, civilization and globalization; Africans have realised that the cultures they abandoned such as virginity testing, sexual mores and taboos; and circumcision could be a panacea in mitigating some of the societal ills such as moral decadence and HIV/AIDS. The article urges for a resuscitation of cultural practices such as virginity testing, thigh sex (ukumetsha), circumcision and teachings that accompanied initiation schools; and societies to undergo an attitudinal and cultural paradigm shift that will consider the invaluable aspects of cultures that can effectuate and facilitate mitigation of social ills in African countries such as South Africa. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n14p458

The Bungalow in Twentieth-Century India : The Cultural Expression of Changing Ways of Life and Aspirations in the Domestic Architecture of Colonial and Post-colonial Society

Abstract: The primary era of this study - the twentieth century - symbolizes the peak of the colonial rule and its total decline, as well as the rise of the new nation state of India. The processes that have been labeled 'westernization' and 'modernization' radically changed middle-class Indian life during the century. This book describes and explains the various technological, political and social developments that shaped one building type - the bungalow - contemporaneous to the development of modern Indian history during the period of British rule and its subsequent aftermath. Drawing on their own physical and photographic documentation, and building on previous work by Anthony King and the Desais, the authors show the evolution of the bungalow's architecture from a one storey building with a verandah to the assortment of house-forms and their regional variants that are derived from the bungalow. Moreover, the study correlates changes in society with architectural consequences in the plans and aesthetics of the bungalow. It also examines more generally what it meant to be modern in Indian society as the twentieth century evolved.