Westernization

About: Westernization is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1154 publications have been published within this topic receiving 15791 citations. The topic is also known as: occidentalization.

Rethinking the Europe‐Taiwan relationship

Abstract: The island of Taiwan has remained—with the exception of the brief French campaign of 1884-85—relatively untouched by European exploits in East Asia. A Japanese colony between 1895 and 1945, it then became the refuge of the nationalist government in 1949. It owes its westernization to the Americans who supported its political status and economic development during the 1960s and 1970s. Europe's present interest in Taiwan is influenced by two factors, namely the European allegiance to Beijing (only the Vatican accords diplomatic recognition to the Republic of China in Taiwan today) and the Taiwanese economic miracle which has made possible the island's integration into the international economic system. The links between Europe and Taiwan are therefore newly-developed and essentially commercial and non-official in nature. To rethink the Europe-Taiwan relationship, it is necessary to highlight these somewhat tenuous links and, at the same time, assess the extent of their success and failure and investigate their durability and significance.

Macbeth in Chinese opera

Abstract: For roughly three hundred years after his debut on the English stage, Shakespeare remained unknown to China. It was not until the turn of the twentieth century that, as part of wholesale Westernization and modernization, Western drama was made available.1 Seen as a progressive humanist thinker, Shakespeare was among the first and most influential playwrights ever imported.2

Anti-Occidentalism Does Not Equal Modern Nationalism

Abstract: Nationalist sentiments in China were chiefly triggered by the aggression carried out against it by the Western powers. Modernization at the time was tantamount to Westernization. Thus, to the Chinese, the West assumed a double identity— that of enemy and teacher. This double identity complicated and confused the relationship between modernization and nationalism.

A Russian Way of War? Westernization of Russian Military Thought, 1757-1800

Abstract: The present study constitutes one of the first attempts to establish the extent to which Russian military thought became westernized by the end of the eighteenth century. The task is an important one in light of Soviet and Russian scholarship that maintains that Russia developed a unique, different, and, some argue, superior way of war to the West. This work argues that Russian military thought was greatly influenced by the ‘military enlightenment’ of Europe, and that the ideas proposed by Russia’s foremost military theoreticians were not as novel as previously claimed. Therefore, the final intellectual product was more a continuation of, rather than a break with, Western practices and traditions of warfare. In this respect, the underlying theme of this thesis clashes with traditional Russian national military historical scholarship. The second major theme of this study is to challenge the pervasive but flawed and often simplified interpretation of the Russian army and its soldiers as undisciplined and uneducated barbarians. Contrary to these misleading views, the writings of Russian theorists bring to light the concerns about discipline and education for the officers, personal hygiene and hospital care for the soldiers and Russian awareness of complex strategic theoretical issues. The humanitarianism and sophistication of early-modern Russian military thought thus becomes abundantly clear. The scope of this work is inescapably restrictive, and the period that it examines, roughly from 1757 to 1800, has been consciously chosen to reflect the ideas of Russia’s two most important and influential military statesmen: Peter Rumyantsev and Alexander Suvorov.