Topic
Westernization
About: Westernization is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1154 publications have been published within this topic receiving 15791 citations. The topic is also known as: occidentalization.
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TL;DR: In other words, there is a continuous strain between revolution and modernization and an almost inevitable cycle of succession between the two, at least in non-Western societies as discussed by the authors, where modernization, that is, westernization, far from remedying the flaws of nonwestern societies, has on the contrary aggravated them to the point that the West and its evils have been rejected in favor of restorative revolutions.
Abstract: When President Qadhafi of Libya challenged the West in a recent press interview to "keep your technology, your problems, and your evils," he was perhaps unwittingly echoing what Matthew Arnold had termed "this strange disease of modern life."' But his message could not have been clearer: modernization, that is, westernization, far from remedying the flaws of nonWestern societies, has on the contrary aggravated them to the point that the West and its evils have been rejected in favor of restorative revolutions. When the young, enthusiastic, and fanatic leader of the Libyan junta announced his takeover of power from the Sanussi King in 1969, he was indeed intent on such a restorative revolution, not merely a revolt against monarchy. The memorable dialogue between Louis XVI and the Duke de la Rochefoucauld comes to mind: "It is a revolt?" asked the French monarch; "no Sir," retorted the duke, "This is a revolution."2 Disraeli was probably right when he said that revolution cannot be evaded; the same can perhaps be said of modernization, the antithesis of revolution, in spite of the paradox involved. Hence there is a continuous strain between revolution and modernization and an almost inevitable cycle of succession between the two, at least in non-Western societies. In such a social setting, revolution signifies a popular impulse for change, restorative or innovative that washes away
1 citations
Posted Content•
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors pointed out what was seen from the beginning of the twentieth century as the future of social, cultural and economic evolution, the process of globalization, and tried to emphasise how the economy evolved in a globalized manner, starting with out economic ancestors, the Romans and the Brits, and accelerating towards today's nexus: globalization developed through Americanization and Westernization.
Abstract: This article points out what was seen from the beginning of the twentieth century as the future of social, cultural and economic evolution, the process of globalization. The authors try to emphasise how the economy evolved in a globalized manner, starting with out economic ancestors, the Romans and the Brits, and accelerating towards today’s nexus: globalization developed through Americanization and Westernization. Introducing in the chronological events the entities that sustained the development of globalization and offered a more down to Earth on the subject were based on the idea of our world built in its intangible shape today, going from the creation of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, till the softer edges of capitalism as a new path to create and implement economic policies for obtaining economic growth.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the differences between Polish gay and heterosexual men in terms of the role played by self-esteem and the level of internalization of sociocultural standards of body appearance as predictors of the development of their body images.
Abstract: Mass media and social networks portray a unified image of the perfect male body. The intensity and universality of this influence is an important element of the process of Westernization, especially in traditional cultures such as that of Poland. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the differences between Polish gay and heterosexual men in terms of the role played by self-esteem and the level of internalization of sociocultural standards of body appearance as predictors of the development of their body images. The research study was conducted by reference to 19- to 29-year-old Polish heterosexual (n = 287) and gay (n = 97) men. The variables were measured using Polish versions of the Sociocultural Attitudes towards Appearance Scale-3, the Self-Esteem Scale, and the Multidimensional Body–Self Relations Questionnaire. Statistical analyses identified several variables as the main predictors of body image in both heterosexual and gay young men: self-esteem, information-seeking, perceived pressure and the internalization of sociocultural standards regarding an athletic body image drawn from mass media. The only significant difference between the two groups was the fact that self-esteem, perceived pressure and the internalization of sociocultural standards from mass media did not play a predictive role with respect to Appearance Orientation among the group of gay men.
1 citations
TL;DR: The Turkish Republic is accepted as one of the most advanced Muslim countries in regards to the emancipation of women, according to widely produced literature about the region as discussed by the authors, and women played a critical role as the symbols of westernization project at the center.
Abstract: The Turkish Republic is accepted as one of the most advanced Muslim countries in regards to the emancipation of women, according to widely produced literature about the region. Turkey’s commitment to modernization is the underlying reason behind this premise. Women played a critical role as the symbols of westernization project at the center. I shed light on the women’s empowerment trajectory and examine the extent to which the republic kept up with its promise of emancipating women. A critique of this project from outside sources helps decipher the codes of failing to fulfill the expectations of the female population. I first discuss how the republic rendered women the symbols of modernization and the measures it took to secure this rendering. I then examine women’s empowerment in political, economic and social realms at various time intervals in history. I conclude with some of the current challenges before full emancipation of women in Turkey.
1 citations
DOI•
01 Jul 2011
TL;DR: The Opium War with the British Empire in the mid-19th century awoke ancient China to face the cruel reality that China was not the greatest country in the world.
Abstract: The Opium War with the British Empire in the mid-19th century awoke ancient China to face the cruel reality that China was not the greatest country in the world. Westernization seemed to be the only way to save this old country from perishing. Since then, translation has played an extremely important role in importing new ideas to reform and reconstruct the country. Now economically the Republic of China in Taiwan has become an affluent country in the world, but many of us deplore the loss of traditional Chinese culture, and some worry that we may have become a colony, culturally speaking, of the West.This article first discusses the Chinese mentality before the Opium War (1840). Secondly, it investigates the translation movement between the Opium War and the May-Fourth Movement. Thirdly, it examines the variety as well as the impact the important translation has had on Chinese culture after the May-Fourth Movement. Fourthly, it explores current social and cultural problems in Taiwan. Finally it looks into the future education direction and the possible national policies to promote a stronger new Chinese culture in the global village.
1 citations