Westernization

About: Westernization is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1154 publications have been published within this topic receiving 15791 citations. The topic is also known as: occidentalization.

Cross-Cultural Differences in Eating Disorders

Abstract: Although eating disorders (EDs) were first described in North America and Western Europe, they have been increasingly documented in countries outside of theWest. While culture is known to play a role in the etiology of most psychopathologies, it appears to be a particularly salient factor in the onset and development of EDs (Pike et al. 2013). As EDs first garnered widespread recognition in the West, they were initially considered to be a product of modern, Western culture specifically. As a result, many early studies examiningEDs in a global context focused on the process of “Westernization” – that is, countries and individuals adaptingWestern cultural ideas and norms – as the influential force behind rising ED rates. The Westernization Hypothesis

Глобализация культуры как механизм взаимодействия вестернизации и ориентализации

Abstract: Detected the historical context of processes of Westernization and Orientalization in the dynamics of world civilization. Evaluates the status of the Eurasian world socio-cultural model in system development. Globalization is seen as a process (with the desire to preserve national identity) is extended dialogue form of interaction of cultures of Western and Eastern styles.

The Genesis of the Turkish Model

Abstract: The Genesis of the Turkish ModelIntroduction:'Turkey's greatness lies in its ability to be at the centre of things This is not where East and West divide - it is where they come together' "Barrack Obama ; April 6 , 2009The idea of an essential conflict between Islam and the West , while rooted deep in history, re-surfaced in the 21st century and shaped the modern world post 9/11(Dagi, 2005) The rhetoric of war on terror on both sides reinforced the clash of civilizations narrative proposed by Huntington a decade earlier (Huntington, 1993) An alternative development in one particular country during the same time however, challenged this dominant narrative While the civilizations clashed in the battlegrounds of Afghanistan and Iraq , Turkey built grounds for peace The new Turkish Islamist government showed in more than one ways how Islam and the West can coexist in modern times (Dagi,2005; Rabasa & Larrabee , 2008; Taspinar, 2012) The Turkish model thus became a subject worth studyingTurkey has a long history of serving as a bridge across the Islam and the West divide As a melting pot of Islamic and Western civilizations culturally and geographically the country's historical progression has remained unique ( Taspinar , 2012; Mortimer, 1995) Turkey also upholds the distinction of retaining its independence at a time when most of the Islamic world was under Western subjugation The rise of the West , however did have a profound impact on the declining Turkish Ottoman empire For the past two hundred years , Turkey's history has been shaped by the mounting Western power( Dagi, 2005) The Turks, just like the Muslims in other parts of the world during this time sought explanation of their weakness against the West The military might of the West was especially an urgent problem which demanded immediate attention for securing borders against the European onslaught The Western system was thus introduced by the Ottomans to modernize armed forces and to catch up with the Western progress The Westernization in Turkey began with the institution of military during the late Ottoman period In early 20th century the same modernized military instigated the Young Turk movement which demanded the rule of constitution instead of caliphate in Turkey (Ahmad, 2003) Mustafa Kemal Pasha who emerged as a savior of Turkey after World War I, was a part this movement After the establishment of the Republican Turkey, Westernization was imposed by the state in all sections of state and society, to ensure a West like progress (Dagi, 2005) But even after eight decades of state led Westernization in Turkey, the result of this experiment remained disputed (Rabasa & Larrabee, 2008) Religion remained a potent force in Turkey culturally, and by the end of the 20th century became visible in politics as wellThe Justice and Development Party, better known as AKP (Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi) came to power in Nov 2002 This new party though rooted in Islamist tradition, departed from the traditional Islamist position on some key issues The party advocated religious moral values but was willing to work within Turkish secular democratic framework It supported market economy and Turkey's bid to European Union membership Party's leader Recep Tayyip Erdogan described himself as 'a man of the middle path' The nature of political Islam thus changed in Turkey (Mecham , 2004 ; p 349) It is this particular model of a modern, moderate , Muslim state that came to be known as 'the Turkish model' , a popular case in the following years in the Muslim as well as the Western world owing to its economic as well as ideological success (Ozbudun , 2006; pp 546-547)The term 'Turkish model' has been a news media catchphrase in the West as well as the Islamic world during the Arab Spring (Kirisci, 2013)The idea of a prosperous Muslim democracy seemed appealing to the struggling Middle East , determined to overthrow the old status quo; and the anxious West , apprehensively watching the erratic developments in the vital region …

Трансформация института семьи в условиях современных модернизационных процессов

Abstract: The article reveals the main trends and stages of transformation of the social institution of marriage and family in Russia. The changes in the family institute on a background of the modernization process in the Russian society, are associated with the transition to the beginning of the information stage. There are considered the characteristic features of divorce in the context of the beginning of the modernization of information in Russia and its stages. The article describes the theory of marriage as the basis of selecting a motivational base for the creation of a stable family. It is emphasized that by the early twenty-first century, the family has gone through several stages of development: patriarchal or traditional, children-oriented or modern, marital or post-modern, as well as incomplete and illegitimate. Currently there is the process of transformation of modern ideas of men and women regarding the family institution, which is accompanied by a change of the spiritual principles and spiritual potential of the modern family. There are the following factors affecting the family and its stability: the Westernization of the system of values (the spread of Western values around the world); the transformation of the economic structure; freedom; individualism; gender asymmetry (i.e. disproportionate representation of social and cultural roles of both sexes in all spheres of life); the redistribution of social roles between women and men, etc. The article emphasizes that the weakening of the role of the family as a mediator in the interaction between the individual and society reinforces non-family value orientations of family members on personal achievements, leading to their advantage above the value of family lifestyle and value of children. There are given recommendations to strengthen the institution of family and marriage, and raising the prestige of the family and family life.