White Muscle Disease

About: White Muscle Disease is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 165 publications have been published within this topic receiving 2812 citations.

Selenium and Vitamin E Status Correlated with Myopathies of Horses Reared in Farms in the Czech Republic

Abstract: Ludvikova E., P. Jahn, L. Pavlata, M. Vyskoail: Selenium and Vitamin E Status Correlated with Myopathies of Horses Reared in Farms in the Czech Republic. Acta Vet. Brno 2005, 74: 377-384. The objective of the study was to compare selenium and vitamin E status in equine farms with and without occurrence of myopathies in order to evaluate the role of lack of these substances in the aetiology of myopathies in horses in the Czech Republic. Concentrations of selenium (in 136 horses) and vitamin E (in 131 horses) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities (in 136 horses) were measured in horses from farms with the occurrence of myopathies (group M including 46 horses from 10 farms) and in horses from farms without occurrence of myopathies (group H including 90 horses from 22 farms). Significantly lower concentrations of selenium (43.09 ±36.84 µg·l -1 ; p < 0.001), vitamin E (9.55 ± 9.29 µmol·l -1 ; p < 0.01) and GSH-Px activities (153.38 ± 177.28 µkat·l-1; p < 0.001) were found in horses from the farms with the occurrence of myopathies when compared to those without the occurrence of myopathies (Se 117.35 ± 52.10 µg·l-1; vitamin E 10.75 ± 4.34 µmol·l-1; GSH-Px 397.41 ± 242.15 µkat·l-1). The diagnosis of nutritional myodegeneration (white muscle disease, WMD) was established in six horses with myopathy. The aetiology of myopathy in the other four affected horses was probably different. Evaluating all examined horses, insufficient whole blood selenium and serum vitamin E concentrations were found in 42% and 96% of horses, respectively. Poor saturation with selenium and vitamin Eare important factors in the aetiology of WMD in horses in the Czech Republic. Apart from WMD, horses in the Czech Republic may be affected by some other myopathies. Glutathione peroxidase, nutritional myodegeneration, white muscle disease, tocopherol, creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase

Review on Properties of Selenium in Animal Nutrition

Abstract: The early interest in selenium (Se) focused on its toxicity, but since 1957 it has been recognized as an essential dietary element. The diet is the major Se source and approximately 80% of dietary Se is absorbed, depending on the type of food consumed. In several regions of the world, the content of Se in diets has been estimated as insufficient. The dietary requirement for Se for most species is about 0.3 ppm. Deficiencies of Se in animals have been confirmed under natural grazing conditions in many countries. Symptoms of deficiencies such as white muscle disease occur primarily in young calves or lambs born in low Se regions and thus we need to provide sufficient amounts in animal diets. Numerous studies have demonstrated that Se plays an important role in animal health. Therefore, this review gives a brief outline of the current information on the physical, chemical and metabolic properties of Se, oxidative stress, antioxidant defense, dietary requirement, deficiency, toxicity and effects of Se on fertility and performance.

3.3 Nutritional Myopathy in Cattle; from a Clinical Problem to Experimental Models for Studying Selenium, Vitamin E and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Interactions

Abstract: A number of diseases of ruminants are related to deficiencies of vitamin E and selenium (Se). Nutritional myopathy or white muscle disease (Blaxter and Sharman, 1953; Oksanen, 1965; Allen, Bradley, Berrett, Parr, Swannack, Barton and MacPhee, 1975; McMurray and McEldowney, 1977) affects the young bovine. Crawley and Bradley (1978) have described a sudden death syndrome in Se-deficient, bucket-fed, calves, which disappeared when Se was added to the diet.