Showing papers on "White paper published in 2007"

Health and related indicators

Abstract: The 1997 White Paper on the Transformation of the Health System in South Africa [White paper 1997] envisaged a "National Health System", which would "integrate the activities of the public and private health sectors, including NGOs and traditional healers, in a way which maximises the effectiveness and efficiency of all available health care resources"

Department of Health White Paper - Our health our care our say: a new direction for community services

Abstract: In January 2006 the Department of Health published Our health, our care, our say: A new direction for community services. It is the government’s seventh White Paper on health since coming to office in 1997 and, after several years of reform aimed at the acute hospital sector, it represents what Patricia Hewitt, the Secretary of State for Health, calls a ‘fundamental shift’ towards integrated services provided in local communities.

Net neutrality: the technical side of the debate: a white paper

Abstract: Network Neutrality is the subject of much current debate. In this white paper I try to find the signal in the noise by taking a largely technical look at various definitions of network neutrality and the feasibility and complexity of implementing systems that support those ideas.First off, there are a lot of emotional terms used to describe various aspects of what makes the melting pot of the neutrality debate. For example, censorship or black-holing (where route filtering, fire-walling and port blocking might say what is happening in less insightful way); free-riding is often bandied about to describe the business of making money on the net (rather than overlay service provision); monopolistic tendencies, instead of the natural inclination of an organisation that owns a lot of kit that they've sunk capital into, to want to make revenue from it.The paper describes the basic realities of the net, which has never been a level playing field for many accidental and some deliberate reasons, and then looks at the future evolution of IP (and lower level) services; the evolution of overlay services, and the evolution of the structure of the ISP business space (access, core and other); finally, I appeal to simple minded economic and regulatory arguments to ask whether there is any case at all for special pleading for the Internet as a special case, different from other services, or utilities.Mutatis mutandis.

'Unruly Places' : Inner-city Comprehensives, Middle-class Imaginaries and Working-class Children

Abstract: The White Paper on Education (2006) re-emphasises the importance of parents within education policy and, in particular, the key role of parental choice. However, this article argues that parental c...

White paper on sport

Abstract: that Parliament has already had such a code in place for over 10 years and asks the Commission to negotiate with Parliament for the establishment of common rules; is of the opinion that any code should contain a strong monitoring element with regard to the conduct of lobbyists; stresses that sanctions should apply to lobbyists who breach the code of conduct; emphasises that sufficient resources (staff and funding) must be set aside for the purposes of verifying the information on the register; considers that for the Commission's register sanctions may include suspension from the register, and in more serious cases removal from the register; believes that once a common register is established, non-compliance by lobbyists should lead to sanctions in relation to access to all institutions to which the register applies;

Closing the Gender Gap in Retirement Income: What Difference Will Recent UK Pension Reforms Make?

Abstract: The second report of the Pensions Commission sought to establish a framework for a sustainable pension system for future generations of pensioners in the UK. The framework has been largely accepted by government in their recent White Paper, Security in Retirement: Towards a New Pension System (2006). Legislation will follow. The Commission and the government have made a number of claims about how their proposals will benefit women. Reforms have been welcomed by women's lobby groups. This article presents a gendered analysis of the Pensions Commission proposals using unpublished data generated by Pensim2, a pensions' simulator developed by the Department for Work and Pensions. Substantial improvements for women will be in the long term only, and will depend heavily on the extent to which gendered patterns of work and family life change in future. For women who follow traditional paths of combining part-time work with looking after children and kin, outcomes will depend on partnering arrangements. If they are married or cohabiting, they will be better off; but if they live alone in later life, the principal advantage of the proposals will be a reduction in means testing rather than an improvement in levels of income.

Valuing people and research: the learning disability research initiative - Overview report

Abstract: The Learning Disability Research Initiative (LDRI) overview report pulls together a substantial body of research which shows changes in practice and outcomes following on from the Valuing People White Paper, and also highlights gaps and challenges to delivering the strategy. The LDRI makes an important contribution to policy and practice development and will be particularly valuable in taking forward the next steps needed to deliver the vision of the Valuing People strategy. The report draws on 13 research studies commissioned by the Department of Health's Policy Research Programme, between 2001 and 2003, with the final study completing in 2007.

Achieving racial and ethnic diversity among academic and research librarians: The recruitment, retention, and advancement of librarians of color—A white paper

Abstract: At the 2006 ALA Midwinter Meeting in San Antonio, the ACRL Board of Directors outlined the focus of a white paper using the 2002 ACRL white paper Recruitment, Reten­ tion and Restructuring: Human Resources in Academic Libraries as a guide. The proposed white paper would focus primarily on “workforce diversity, with an emphasis on the recruitment, retention, and advancement of groups traditionally underrepresented in the academic library workforce.” The Board also specified the white paper should: • discuss efforts to promote, develop, and foster workforces that are representative of a diverse population, and • address the development of a climate in the workplace that supports and encourages advancement. The growing labor gap in librarianship, a result of an “increasing demand for library and information science professionals, and a declining supply of qualifi ed individuals,” provided the framework for the 2002 white paper. It also included a review of the environment at that time and strategies for the “recruitment, retention, and the potential for [the] restructuring of library education and the library workforce.” The 2002 white paper did not address diversity specifically, but dealt with the broader recruitment, retention, and restructuring issues. Racial controversy in the United States provides a backdrop for the issue of recruitment by race and ethnicity within the profession of librarianship. Additionally, the research literature reveals a historical shortage of librarians. The current environment for the recruitment, retention, and advancement of people of color in academic librarianship remains virtually unchanged since the appearance of the 2002 white paper. The published professional and research literature provides some insight into the barriers to recruitment and reasons why librarianship is a chosen career path. For decades, advocates for increased racial and ethnic representation in the profession of librarianship have relied primarily on U.S. Census data and subsequent statistical data as justification for the goal to increase ethnic diversity in the library workforce. A more realistic agenda for recruitment and retention is needed by the profession at large, and ACRL in particular. Accompanied by specific goals with justification, preferably empirically based and/or logically determined, a revised agenda should address not only the library profession, but also the communities being served. This is not to say that demographics are not key, however, the agenda should be grounded in strategic goals. In 1996, Camila A. Alire wrote: “[All of this is further translated into] a need for more minority library professionals who can identify with people in the minority communities; who can assist in the necessary outreach efforts to serve those minority residents; and who can serve as role models for minority children using the library.”2 John W. Berry’s 2002 ALA

Developing Inclusive Health and Social Care Policies for Older LGBT Citizens

Abstract: Creating anti-oppressive practices in service provision that successfully remove barriers to the social inclusion of older lesbians, gay men, bisexuals and transgendered (LGBT) citizens has proven thus far tremendously difficult. The White Paper, Better Care, Higher Standards: A Charter for Long Term Care, addresses the development of non-discriminatory services that treat users with dignity and respect, taking account of sexual orientation. Such government social policy holds out the hope that services will be designed to support senior LGBT people. This paper examines the unique oppression and marginalization faced by older lesbian, gay men, bisexual and transgendered citizens in homophobic and ageist societies, which often fail to acknowledge their existence. The research findings highlight strategies being created through social policy that aim to successfully achieve the inclusion of this group in the planning and delivery of their services.

American Academy of Nursing Expert Panel on Global Nursing and Health: white paper on Global Nursing And Health.

Abstract: The American Academy of Nursing's (AAN) Expert Panel on Global Health's white paper examines critical issues in the international nursing arena, including the global shortage of nurses, legal and ethical issues in recruiting international students for nursing positions in developed countries, the nurse faculty shortage, faculty and student exchanges, effects of the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services law, and laws governing new practice within the public domain. Realistic models directed toward viable solutions to these issues are critically needed. It offers 13 recommendations to address issues from a global perspective, including hosting a conference on global nursing, health research, and faculty exchanges; annual meetings; and an international conference of world nurse leaders, the AAN, and Global Panel representatives to discuss this white paper and plan follow-up actions. The final white paper approved by the AAN in 2005 and is published here to stimulate discussion regarding current and future initiatives.

Our Reforms, Our Partnerships, Same Problems: The Chronic Case of the English NHS

Abstract: With the publication of a white paper on ‘Our Health, Our Care, Our Say’, the government reasserted its belief in the value of partnerships in delivering effective public services. Yet, despite the commitment, perpetual organizational reform will continue to undermine joint working. This article explores how certain types of continuous and externally imposed organizational change cause managers and practitioners to reluctantly turn away from partnership working, and considers what this means for policy outcomes.

Embedding service learning in South African higher education : the catalytic role of the CHESP initiative

Abstract: Service-learning (SL) was a relatively unknown term in South African (SA) Higher Education (HE) until the late 1990's. In response to the call of the White Paper on the Transformation of Higher Education for “feasibility studies and pilot programmes which explore the potential of community service in higher education” the Joint Education Trust1 (JET) launched the Community - Higher Education - Service Partnerships (CHESP) initiative in 1999. The major focus of this initiative was to assist SA Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to conceptualise and implement SL as a means of giving expression to the mandate given in the White Paper. This paper tracks the development of the CHESP initiative and its contribution towards embedding SL in SA HE. The paper highlights some of the key outcomes at an institutional and national level and underpins these through the results of a comprehensive external review of CHESP undertaken in 2007, eight years after the initial launch.

Policy-Making in Sport The Norwegian Case

Abstract: This article analyses how public sport policy is made as a result of the interactions between the public sport administration, the political system and sport organizations, and discusses the relevance of three theoretical approaches — corporatism, policy communities and clientelism — for explaining policy-making within the Norwegian context. It builds on two case studies. The first case study concerns the process leading up to the adoption of Parliament's white paper on `Changing Sport Life', whereas the second case investigates the processes leading to the change in the law on gambling, which had a considerable impact on sport funding. These two cases cast light on different ways in which sport policy is made. The white paper on sport life is a central policy document that defines the objectives and means of public policies within sport, whereas the law on gambling has a determinant impact on the public funding of sport. The sport administration initiated the first case, whereas the Norwegian sport confe...

Pensioner poverty over the next decade: what role for tax and benefit reform?

Abstract: Recent falls in poverty amongst those aged 65 and over are unlikely to continue after 2007-08, even after the implementation of the proposals outlined in the Government's Pensions White Paper. This report looks at the prospects for pensioner poverty in England over the next decade. The authors find that that the proportion of those aged 65 and over living in poverty is set to remain at its current level - around one-in-five - between 2007-08 and 2017-18. This is despite the overall increase in the generosity of state pensions arising from the Pensions White Paper, and the fact that younger cohorts are expected to have more private pension income and higher employment rates at older ages than those preceding them.

Campus violence white paper.

Abstract: (2007). Campus Violence White Paper. Journal of American College Health: Vol. 55, No. 5, pp. 304-319.

Good governance and security: The limits of Australia's new aid programme

Abstract: This article analyses the Australian Agency for International Development's (AusAID) approach to overseas development assistance (ODA) through an examination of AusAID's recent White Paper. The White Paper focuses on the nexus between poverty reduction and security in the Asia-Pacific region. We argue that the Paper's emphasis upon good governance as the key to poverty reduction and security is fundamentally flawed. This stems from the particular ideological and political conditions in which the Paper materialised. In focusing on good governance and security the Paper neglects more fundamental poverty reduction issues, while promoting policies that are difficult to implement and, when implemented, have highly problematic outcomes. This article examines the Australian-led intervention in Solomon Islands and the Australian aid programme in Indonesia as examples for the shortcomings of the approach articulated in the White Paper. We conclude by examining alternative development policies that move beyond the neo-liberal orthodoxy endorsed by AusAID.

Environmental Security in Harbors and Coastal Areas

Abstract: Practitioners of risk assessment (RA) and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) typically apply their craft in contested settings. This requires a blend of high-level technical skills, combined with a clear understanding of the larger context of social, economic, and political concerns that influence problem situations. In this White Paper, we provide a review of the challenges faced by RA and MCDA practitioners involved in the management of complex environmental problems, specifically in relation to stakeholder engagement. Based on this review, six possible elements of best practice for stakeholder involvement are presented. We also provide a Directory of Tools and Methodologies which can be used by facilitators, with an indication of how each tool or methodology would be utilized to support stakeholder involvement within the context of RA and MCDA. A brief description of selected tools and methodologies that assist with the successful engagement of stakeholders in decision- making processes is detailed. The paper concludes with a discussion of key issues and future challenges.

Old wine in new bottles? The actual and potential contribution of civil society organisations to democratic governance in Europe

Abstract: Political science literature often claims that the participation of civil society organisations increases the democratic quality of policy-making in international governance arrangements. However, it remains unclear under what conditions such a democratic value can be achieved and how the empirical reality of this participation relates to the alleged democracy-enhancing quality. In recent years, the European initiatives to establish a civil dialogue, to improve the consultation with civil society organisations and above all the White Paper on European Governance have triggered some scientific expectations that the EU seeks to establish a participatory regime which possibly improves the democratic character of EU policy-making. The central hypothesis put forward in this paper is that the participation of civil society organisations is only then of democratic value if it takes place in an environment of clear rules; thus, an argument is made for a regulated model of participation which is both normatively meaningful and practically feasible. The safeguarding functions of legally enforceable rights to participation ensure democratic instead of lobbying-like participation. Based on normative theoretical reflections on the democratic value of participation of civil society organisations as well as on empirical research in the fields of environmental policy (chemicals, REACH) and migration policy (family reunification), this paper argues that the EU has not yet established an approach to participation that increases the democratic quality of EU policy-making but that it rather follows a voluntaristic and instrumental approach. Nevertheless, some developments in the environmental area give reason for cautious optimism that the EU might move towards a more democratic participatory regime of policy-making.

The changing framework for conservation of the historic environment

Abstract: Purpose – The paper seeks to examine the background to the UK Government White Paper on the conservation of the built environment, and particularly to identify drivers for legislative change and possible consequences of new legislation for conservation practice.Design/methodology/approach – A critical review is undertaken of major trends in conservation and management of the historic built environment that may affect future conservation legislation.Findings – Three major trends are identified: the development of holistic landscape‐based approaches to conservation; the widening of heritage values to include those of particular groups and communities as well as those based on academic disciplines; and a shift from control‐based approaches to conservation towards those based on dynamic management of change. Each of these trends presents opportunities and challenges in framing of legislation and policy.Research limitations/implications – This is a wide and fast‐developing field. The UK Government's proposals ...

Good Governance via the OMC? The cases of Employment and Social Inclusion

Abstract: Governance in social policy is critical in the context of a deeper, wider and increasingly diverse Union, but also a politically delicate Union. Via the Lisbon Strategy, there is increasing awareness of the legitimate existence of a role for the EU in the area of social policy, where 56% of EU citizens view the role of the EU positively. 1 It is thus crucial to understand exactly how the EU not only via directives, but also via the Open Method of Coordination (OMC), governs the employment and social inclusion policies of the Member States. A centre-piece in this debate is the White Paper on Governance that established five “Principles of Good Governance” Openness, Accountability, Participation, Effectiveness, Coherence – to establish “more democratic governance”. 2 This has been followed by vivid academic commentary 3 that influenced the debate and actions at European level. 4 The White Paper on Governance is, now as much as ever, a vibrant and relevant basis for assessing the empirical governance of different instruments in various policy areas.

To market! To market! A new dawn for community care?

Abstract: The public sector in Britain has been subjected to over a decade of major reform aimed at breaking up public service monopolies, at containing costs while at the same time opening services up to greater consumer choice. Health and social services have not been exempt from this revolution in the organization and management of public sector services. The long-standing policy of care in the community is being subjected to market principles and the introduction of a ‘contract culture’ very similar to the NHS reforms introduced in 1991. This paper reviews the origins of these developments in the doctrines of ‘new public management’, a movement which has proved attractive to policy-makers in many countries. Local authority social services departments have been identified as the lead agency for the development of a mixed economy of care following a review of community care policy by the government's health adviser, Sir Roy Griffiths, and a subsequent white paper. This paper examines the limited empirical evidence available on how managers and providers are meeting the challenge bestowed upon them, and concludes that most authorities are moving ahead cautiously if at all. Only a handful of authorities studied have embraced the reforms with any degree of enthusiasm. The paper concludes with an assessment of the reforms from two perspectives: a pessimistic one and an optimistic one. There are many worrying features of the reforms, not least among these being a lack of clarity over their intended purpose. Tensions and contradictions are plentiful, which places in jeopardy the certainty of the reforms in becoming user led rather than provider driven. A more optimistic scenario is that the changes are leading to a loosening up of services and practices which have often suffered from sclerotic tendencies, paternalism and sometimes complacency. If the reform process is skilfully handled and not rushed and if the ends are clearly established and communicated then users and carers could prove to be the principal beneficiaries.

The Nation's Guardians: America's 21st Century Air Force

Abstract: : This White Paper charts US Air Force strategy for the next two decades and defines the Air Force's indispensable role in promoting and defending the national interest. In framing the strategic imperatives that face the United States and its Air Force, the paper lays out the urgent actions required to cope with today's and tomorrow's challenges. Accordingly, this White Paper is a definitive statement of Air Force intent to maintain its role as the guardian of America's freedom, security and prosperity-the Nation's force of first and last resort.

Offender rehabilitation in the South African correctional system : myth or realty

Abstract: Rehabilitation is a process - not an event - to bring about change within the offender and to change anti-social attitudes and behaviour The South African Department of Correctional Services is responsible for the offering and implementation of rehabilitation programmes to offenders imprisoned by the courts of law The Department of Correctional Services is currently in the process of transformation, with the offender becoming the focal point through placing rehabilitation firmly at the centre of its activities Rehabilitation is seen as a process, and not an event or programme, aimed at addressing the specific history of the offender's criminal behaviour Education and training programmes are just some of the tools that are being used to activate the offender rehabilitation process These initiatives are supported by social work as well as psychological and spiritual / religious counselling To guide the Department in becoming an offender rehabilitation-centred institution, a cabinet-approved document, known as the White Paper on Corrections, was published Certain objectives against which the Department should be measured are set out in this document Although it is firmly believed that the guidelines in the White Paper on Corrections will pave the way to reduce recidivism, the South African criminal justice system does not have a scientific mechanism at its disposal to track offenders after their release from prison, nor to keep track of reoffending and resentencing A further obstacle to the implementation of offender rehabilitation plans is the fact that South African prisons are seriously overcrowded A statistical analysis shows that there is a major shortage in educational service delivery due to the fact that for 13 percent of all sentenced incarcerated offenders there is no opportunity to participate in educational programmes This shortcoming is exacerbated by the shortage of specialised educational staff as well as social workers and psychologists within the Department of Correctional Services This constraint is aggravated by the overcrowding problem On the positive side it should be mentioned that, not only is there a satisfactory pass rate among offenders writing the educational examinations, but there is also an increase in the number of offenders participating in vocational training and occupational skills programmes However, as long as the offender primarily regards rehabilitation programmes as an instrument to influence the parole board, rehabilitation will largely remain a myth