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White paper

About: White paper is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3852 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51169 citations. The topic is also known as: White paper & White papers.


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01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented at the Department of Environmental Affairs, Workshop on National Climate Change Response White Paper, Pretoria, 18 March, 2018, presented by Ngoel et al.
Abstract: Paper presented at the Department of Environmental Affairs, Workshop on National Climate Change Response White Paper, Pretoria, 18 March

11 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors defined early critical care services as the interventions that support vital organ function during the initial care provided to the critically ill patient-these interventions can be performed at any point of patient contact and can be delivered across diverse settings in the healthcare system and do not necessitate specialty personnel.
Abstract: This White Paper has been formally accepted for support by the International Federation for Emergency Medicine (IFEM) and by the World Federation of Intensive and Critical Care (WFICC), put forth by a multi-specialty group of intensivists and emergency medicine providers from low- and low-middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HiCs) with the aim of 1) defining the current state of caring for the critically ill in low-resource settings (LRS) within LMICs and 2) highlighting policy options and recommendations for improving the system-level delivery of early critical care services in LRS. LMICs have a high burden of critical illness and worse patient outcomes than HICs, hence, the focus of this White Paper is on the care of critically ill patients in the early stages of presentation in LMIC settings. In such settings, the provision of early critical care is challenged by a fragmented health system, costs, a health care workforce with limited training, and competing healthcare priorities. Early critical care services are defined as the early interventions that support vital organ function during the initial care provided to the critically ill patient-these interventions can be performed at any point of patient contact and can be delivered across diverse settings in the healthcare system and do not necessitate specialty personnel. Currently, a single "best" care delivery model likely does not exist in LMICs given the heterogeneity in local context; therefore, objective comparisons of quality, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness between varying models are difficult to establish. While limited, there is data to suggest that caring for the critically ill may be cost effective in LMICs, contrary to a widely held belief. Drawing from locally available resources and context, strengthening early critical care services in LRS will require a multi-faceted approach, including three core pillars: education, research, and policy. Education initiatives for physicians, nurses, and allied health staff that focus on protocolized emergency response training can bridge the workforce gap in the short-term; however, each country's current human resources must be evaluated to decide on the duration of training, who should be trained, and using what curriculum. Understanding the burden of critical Illness, best practices for resuscitation, and appropriate quality metrics for different early critical care services implementation models in LMICs are reliant upon strengthening the regional research capacity, therefore, standard documentation systems should be implemented to allow for registry use and quality improvement. Policy efforts at a local, national and international level to strengthen early critical care services should focus on funding the building blocks of early critical care services systems and promoting the right to access early critical care regardless of the patient's geographic or financial barriers. Additionally, national and local policies describing ethical dilemmas involving the withdrawal of life-sustaining care should be developed with broad stakeholder representation based on local cultural beliefs as well as the optimization of limited resources.

11 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In a recent flurry of research initiatives, the early history of the National Health Service has been charted in meticulous detail as discussed by the authors, and interpretations have remained remarkably consistent with the classic study produced by Eckstein in 1958.
Abstract: As a consequence of a recent flurry of research initiatives, the early history of the National Health Service has been charted in meticulous detail.1 Notwithstanding increasing availability of documentation in the public records, or greater elaboration of the narrative, interpretations have remained remarkably consistent with the classic study produced by Eckstein in 1958. Eckstein’s authority has been further enhanced by Addison’s account of the wartime background to the welfare legislation of the 1945–51 Labour administration.2

11 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a philosophical comparison between South Africa's policy on agriculture in sustainable development and its white paper on agriculture and find that these two key South African agricultural policies are closely related in terms of the five pillars of sustainable agriculture.
Abstract: South Africa will require the establishment of a formal inclusive policy on sustainable agricultural practices. This will not only assist the country in avoiding further exploitation of the natural environment, but will also position agricultural extension in promoting the five pillars of sustainable agriculture. A comprehensive review using conceptual reflection presented in this paper confirms that most of the sustainable aspects are covered in both the white paper in sustainable agriculture and policy on agriculture in sustainable development. The existing documents, legislation, and policies available should be integrated into a working document that promotes sustainable agricultural practices. Thus, this paper provides a philosophical comparison between South Africa’s policy on agriculture in sustainable development and its white paper on agriculture. The review found that these two key South African agricultural policies are closely related in terms of the five pillars of sustainable agriculture. This paper further argues that the two policies reviewed could be used in the formulation of national policy on sustainable agriculture. In conclusion, this paper also suggests possible legislation addressing sustainable agriculture that should be integrated to develop a national policy on sustainable agriculture. Keywords: Sustainability, Policy, Agricultural extension, Social acceptance, Economic viability, Environment

11 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive analysis of the white paper's formulation purposes and the emission reduction measures in the power sector is presented, where some revelations of the plan to China's development of clean energy in terms of unified planning of clean energies,construction of smart grid, development of the clean energy industry and improvement of its supporting mechanisms, and some relevant proposals are also proposed.
Abstract: On 15th July 2009,the UK government published the white paper of UK clean energy strategy——Low Carbon Transition Plan in which the total targets of the country in the period from 2020 to 2050 and the sub-targets of every sector as well as the relevant carbon reduction measures are proposed. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the white paper's formulation purposes and the emission reduction measures in the power sector,this paper summaries some revelations of the plan to China's development of clean energy in terms of unified planning of clean energy,construction of smart grid,development of clean energy industry and improvement of its supporting mechanisms,and some relevant proposals are also proposed.

11 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202395
2022203
202159
2020101
2019115
201899