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Wind shear

About: Wind shear is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8023 publications have been published within this topic receiving 185373 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Crop Wind Energy Experiment (CWEX) as mentioned in this paper was developed as a multi-government, multi-university, and multi-institutional experiment to evaluate the influence of wind turbines on surface fluxes between the vegetated surface and the lower boundary layer.
Abstract: Perturbations of mean and turbulent wind characteristics by large wind turbines modify fluxes between the vegetated surface and the lower boundary layer. While simulations have suggested that wind farms could significantly change surface fluxes of heat, momentum, momentum, moisture, and CO2 over hundreds of square kilometers, little observational evidence exists to test these predictions. Quantifying the influences of the “turbine layer” is necessary to quantify how surface fluxes are modified and to better forecast energy production by a wind farm. Changes in fluxes are particularly important in regions of intensely managed agriculture where crop growth and yield are highly dependent on subtle changes in moisture, heat, and CO2. Furthermore, speculations abound about the possible mesoscale consequences of boundary layer changes that are produced by wind farms. To address the lack of observations to answer these questions, we developed the Crop Wind Energy Experiment (CWEX) as a multiagency, multiuniversi...

148 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: Quasi-stationary, or very slowly moving, storm systems are of particular interest to the forecaster, because they frequently produce heavy rainfall and flash floods as discussed by the authors, and these convective weather systems are composed at any moment of many individual storms, all in various stages of their life cycles.
Abstract: Quasi-stationary, or very slowly moving, storm systems are of particular interest to the forecaster, because they frequently produce heavy rainfall and flash floods. These convective weather systems are composed at any moment of many individual storms, all in various stages of their life cycles. The individual storms frequently have trajectories that carry them repeatedly over the same region, producing pulsating heavy rains that quickly cause streams and rivers to overflow their banks.

148 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of January and July simulations carded out with a nine-level spectral model, employing a rhomboidal truncation at wavenumber 15, are described.
Abstract: We describe the results of January and July simulations carded out with a nine-level spectral model, employing a rhomboidal truncation at wavenumber 15. Sea-surface temperature, sea-ice distribution and solar zenith angle are held constant in each simulation. The model includes interactive clouds and radiative processes after Ramanathan et al. (1983). Selected fields are shown which highlight the model's strengths and weaknesses. The latitude-height distribution of the zonal wind is successfully simulated. The model captures the separation between the wintertime westerly jets in the troposphere and stratosphere and thus simulates the sign reversal in the vertical wind shear across the jet axis in the upper troposphere. In addition to the zonal wind, we show also the zonally averaged temperature, meridional wind and vertical velocity. Regional distributions of sea-level pressure, surface air temperature, precipitation and a number of other fields defined at various pressure levels are compared in ...

148 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of an electric field and a homogeneous neutral wind on the vertical ion motion in the ionospheric E -region is investigated, and it is shown that a right-handed screw is more effective than a left-handed one with equal pitch in compressing plasma into thin sheets.

148 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the roles of equatorial trapped waves and internal inertia-gravity waves in driving the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) were investigated using a high-resolution atmospheric general circulation model with T213L256 resolution (60-km horizontal and 300m vertical resolution) integrated for three years.
Abstract: The roles of equatorial trapped waves (EQWs) and internal inertia–gravity waves in driving the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) are investigated using a high-resolution atmospheric general circulation model with T213L256 resolution (60-km horizontal and 300-m vertical resolution) integrated for three years. The model, which does not use a gravity wave drag parameterization, simulates a QBO. Although the simulated QBO has a shorter period than that of the real atmosphere, its amplitudes and structure in the lower stratosphere are fairly realistic. The zonal wavenumber/frequency spectra of simulated outgoing longwave radiation represent realistic signals of convectively coupled EQWs. Clear signals of EQWs are also seen in the stratospheric wind components. In the eastward wind shear of the QBO, eastward EQWs including Kelvin waves contribute up to ∼25%–50% to the driving of the QBO. The peaks of eastward wave forcing associated with EQWs and internal inertia–gravity waves occur at nearly the same t...

147 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023155
2022347
2021165
2020157
2019187
2018165