Withania somnifera

About: Withania somnifera is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2116 publications have been published within this topic receiving 43404 citations. The topic is also known as: Ashwaganda & Indian ginseng.

Organoge nic totipotency in in vitro culture of two elite genotypes ( poshita and jawahar 22 ) of withania somnifera (l.) dunal and quantification of bio - active compounds

Abstract: Multiple shoot induction (explants used: X - shoot tip ±2 .0 cm of 18 d ays old petri plate grown seedlings; Y - shoot tip ±2.0 cm of 30 d ays old nursery grown seedlings; Z - shoot tip ±2.0 cm of 185 d ays old in vitro regenerated plantlets f rom callus masses), elongation of shoots and root induction protocol was devel oped in Poshita and Jawahar 22 (highly recommended varieties) of Withania somnifera (L.) Duna l (Family: Solanaceae) using Murashige and Skoog basal media with various concentration of benzyl adenine , kinetin, indole butyric acid, indole acetic acid an d gibberelic acid in different combinations for each stages of development. Total alkaloids and withanolides (including withanolide A an d withaferin A estimated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography ) contents were also analyzed in multiple shoots (35 d ays and 65 d ays old) and in vitro rooted plants (40 d ays old). Results indic ated better response of Poshita t han Jawahar 22 and explant Z exhibited superior ity to X and Y in relation to the production of secondary metabolites.

Withania somnifera Fruit Extract is Effective in Controlling Microbial Growth and Lipid Oxidation and Improves the Functional Value of Cheese

Abstract: Withania somnifera is a plant well known for its antioxidant, antimicrobial and medicinal properties and has been widely used for these benefits. W. somnifera fruit extract was used to improve the functional value and storage stability of cheese using kalari, a popular Himalayan cheese, as a food-model system. Different levels (0.0-0.7%) of the extract were used for preparing the cheese and an optimum level of 0.5% (T0.5) was found. The cheese samples (T0.5 and control) were evaluated for various storage-stability parameters during 4 weeks of refrigerated storage (4±1°C). The functional value of the product (T0.5) was evaluated in oxidative-stress-induced rats in 4 weeks feeding trial. The addition of the extract (T0.5) significantly (P<0.05) improved the lipid-oxidative and microbial-stability of the treated samples and also improved sensory quality at the end of the storage period. Inclusion of the extract-enriched cheese in the rats’ feed ameliorated the impact of oxidative stress on the Wistar rats and showed a significant decrease in liver marker enzymes, lipid-peroxidase activity and relative liver and spleen weights whereas a significant increase was observed in endogenous antioxidant enzymes levels and body weight. Thus, the addition of the extract improved the storage stability and functionality of the cheese.

Antimicrobial Activity of Mentha piperita, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Withania somnifera Prepared by Ultrasound Against Escherichia coli Isolated from Poultry Stool

Abstract: Background: Extraction by conventional methods such as Soxhlet requires a long time and the possibility of damage to heat-sensitive compounds. Objectives: In this study, modern ultrasound methods used to perform and investigate the antibacterial properties of plant extracts were compared. Methods: The extracts of Mentha piperita, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Withania somnifera were prepared by an ultrasound device. Ten Escherichia coli strains were isolated from poultry stool samples. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) plant extracts against E. coli were determined using the microdilution method. Results: The results showed that the lowest inhibitory concentrations of rosemary, peppermint, and wind cheese extracts prepared by ultrasound were equal to 3.1 mg/mL, while the highest inhibitory concentrations of these extracts were equal to 25, 25, and 50 mg/mL, respectively. The lowest lethal concentrations of rosemary, peppermint, and wind cheese extracts were 6.25 mg/mL, while the highest inhibitory concentrations of these extracts were 25, 25, and 50 mg/mL, respectively. The lowest bactericidal concentrations of rosemary, peppermint, and wind cheese extracts prepared by ultrasonic waves were equal to 6.25 mg/mL, while the highest lethal concentrations of these extracts were equal to 50, 25, and 100 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusions: According to the findings of the study, it can be concluded that the use of ultrasonic waves is a fast, effective, and economical method for extracting plant components. In addition, the methanolic extract of peppermint has the most inhibitory and lethal properties.

DNA-barcoding, SCoT and SRAP Based Somaclonal Variation in Micropropagated Withania somnifera Plantlets

Abstract: Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) is one of the recognized plant species that considered of most traditional natural supplements. Tissue culture is an efficient method as fast and affordable in plant propagation. Few studies have discussed the genetic impact of such method on ashwagandha plant. The aim of this research was to identify the genetic stability of micropropagated plantlets and to assess the impact of in vitro-propagation on somaclonal variability in ashwagandha using start codon-targeted (SCoT), sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and DNA-barcoding assays. SCoT marker assay produced a total number of 132 bands with an average of 11 bands per primer, where scorable PCR fragments were generated from all primers. The phylogenetic tree constructed using SCoT binary data, revealed genetic variability among studied plant samples. SRAP primer combinations showed a total of 78 bands by an average of 11.1 bands / combination, in which all combinations produced scored PCR fragments. Over SRAP assay, one specific band was obtained that was present in different ashwagandha micropropagated plant samples compared to the control (mother plant). This PCR fragments were obtained using me1F/em1R primer combination (287 bp). The phylogenetic tree constructed using SRAP data was successful to differentiate between micro-propagated plants and the control. The DNA- barcoding analysis using chloroplast gene RNA polymerasel (rpoCl) gene was used to detect the soma- clonal variation between control and one micro-propagated plant of ashwagandha. The phylogenetic tree constructed using DNA-barcoding sequences was successful to differentiate between the two samples, where control and micropropagated plantlets were grouped in two different groups. This study suggests the valuableness of using SRAP and DNA-barcoding in detecting soma-clonal variation among micropropagated plantlest of ashwagandha.