Women's work

About: Women's work is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1625 publications have been published within this topic receiving 33754 citations. The topic is also known as: woman's work.

An overview of women’s work and employment in Mozambique. - rev. ed.

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Digitising inequality: the cul-de-sac of women's work in European services

Abstract: This paper considers the skills and development prospects of women working in European services. Skills are increasingly job-specific, including the relational skills necessary to the delivery of customer service. Formal training is declining and being replaced by informal learning techniques. Opportunities to acquire comprehensive or transferable skills are rare, as are women's progression opportunities in the ‘knowledge society’.

The role of economic invisibility in development: veiling women's work in rural Pakistan

Abstract: The thesis in this article is that both women's work and its invisibility are essential to development, and at two levels: to the economy of rural households and to the wider development process. For rural households, the case of Pakistan suggests that the veils that conceal women's work shield a portion of household production from the risks and extractions inherent in their involvement with development. This shielded production depends on off-farm natural resources of which the use is also veiled. For States and other development interests, the author suggests that women's work constitutes a subsidy which is intentionally invisible. The subsidy of women's labour is linked to a forest-to-farm subsidy. Women's invisible work, in other words, is not invisible because it is not seen, but because the process of economic development-for both rural households and States and other development actors-requires that it be hidden.

Women’s Work in Transitional Russia: Women’s Strategies for Entrepreneurship and Survival in Russian Regions

Abstract: Women’s Work in Transitional Russia: Women’s Strategies for Entrepreneurship and Survival in Russian Regions

From formal employment to street vending: Women’s room to maneuver and labor market decisions under conditions of export-orientation – the case of Penang, Malaysia.

Abstract: Franck, K. Anja, 2012, From formal employment to street vending: Women’s room to maneuver and labor market decisions under conditions of export-orientation – the case of Penang, Malaysia. Publications edited by the Departments of Geography, University of Gothenburg, Series B, no. 121. Department of Human and Economic Geography, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg. ISBN 91-86472-68-2. This study is a compilation thesis consisting of an introduction and four separate papers. It is an inquiry into women‟s working lives in Penang, Malaysia. The export-oriented development model adopted in Malaysia stimulated women‟s large-scale entry to the formal labor force. However, export-orientation has not been able to sustain women‟s long terms participation in the formal labor market and female labor force participation rates in Malaysia have never exceeded 50 percent. This means that despite the expansion of the Malaysian economy, declining fertility rates and increased female educational attainment, over half of working aged women in Malaysia remain „outside the labor force‟. This thesis aims to investigate women‟s room to maneuver in the labor market by scrutinizing women‟s move from the formal to the informal economy over the life course. It also aims to contribute further knowledge relating to women‟s work in the informal economy – in particular its spatial aspects. The empirical study is based on field work conducted in Penang between 2009 and 2011. The 80 women interviewed in Penang share the common feature that they make their living in the informal economy – mostly as street vendors (hawkers). The majority used to work in the formal economy as machine operators or assembly workers in factories or in low-skilled jobs the tourism industry. An important reason for the low female labor force participation rates in Malaysia is that women‟s engagement in the formal labor market has a strong one-peaked pattern with many permanently leaving the labor force at a relatively young age. However, although women who leave the formal labor market tend to go missing statistically – they continue to work in the informal economy. This study suggests that while women‟s formal labor force participation has one peak, their full work participation over the life course can be more accurately described as two-peaked. This study has found that women‟s decisions to leave formal employment were often made under the simultaneous influence of marriage, child-birth and unsustainable labor conditions. In a similar fashion their decisions to not (re)engage in formal employment but rather to opt for informal work were influenced by the lack of institutional support for working mothers, norms around gender, work and place and an unwillingness to (re)engage in exploitative work in the formal economy. Issues of distance (to formal employment opportunities) and proximity (to informal work) were key features in their room to maneuver and labor market decisions.