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Showing papers on "Workforce published in 1976"


Journal ArticleDOI
Kenneth R. Baker1
TL;DR: This paper surveys the basic mathematical models for workforce scheduling with cyclic demand for staff, and reviews several problem areas in which these models have been successfully adapted and applied.
Abstract: This paper surveys the basic mathematical models for workforce scheduling with cyclic demand for staff, and reviews several problem areas in which these models have been successfully adapted and applied.

243 citations


01 Jan 1976

51 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This discussion expands on Roussel's earlier treatment by focusing more specifically on several facets of the urban employment problem created by the rapid growth of Abidjan, including several essential features of the employment problem stem from the rural urban distribution of the workforce.
Abstract: The city of Abidjan in the Ivory Coast has grown physically economically and demographically at rates exceeding all reasonable expectation. Yet as in many other development nations the employment generated by Abidjans rapid economic expansion has failed to keep pace with the increase in working population it has attracted. Consequently economic success has been accompanied by a variety of social strains. Some of these have been discussed in earlier issues of the "International Labour Review" by Louis Roussel. This discussion expands on Roussels earlier treatment by focusing more specifically on several facets of the urban employment problem created by the rapid growth of Abidjan. Attention is directed to labor supply and employment factors affecting migration foreign Africans in the Ivory Coast labor force; the urban informal sector; urban infrastructure and development; social problems of population pressure; employment policy options (current government policies and other policy options); and general issues and policy alternatives (motivations for rural urban migration smaller urban centers as alternative growth poles and distributing the gains from development). Several essential features of the employment problem stem from the rural urban distribution of the workforce. The rural labor force including temporary seasonal workers from the savannah countries to the north remains more or less in balance with increasing rural employment opportunities since the migration of Ivory Coast nationals to the cities is balanced by the inflow of foreign workers. In contrast the influx of migrants into urban areas has led to a more rapid increase in the urban labor force than in urban employment with a consequent rise in unemployment. In 1970 the Abidjan rate of open unemployment was probably around 20%. At this time most peoples idea of a desirable job is one in the formal sector of the urban economy. If there is to be any hope of an eventual balance between expectations and reality it must be realized that an increasing share of the urban labor force will have to end up in the informal sector. Different attitudes towards work in the informal sector are needed on the part of both young people entering the labor force and of government policy makers. The latter should be seeking ways to increase productivity and incomes in the informal sector rather than for ways to destroy it. Current government policies include the training and educating of nationals to replace foreign technicians and managers increasing the attractiveness of the rural milieu by the promotion of cooperatives attempts to reform the land tenure system the supply of electricity to villages and the introduction of educational television; and adapting the educational system and technical training programs to the needs of the economy.

13 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In their obsessive concern with the political links of trade unions and their control by middle-class intellectuals and professionals, the students of Indian labour have barely paused to consider the social consequences of unionization as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Studies of Indian organized labour have followed the beaten track for three decades. In their obsessive concern with the political links of trade unions and their control by middle-class intellectuals and professionals, the students of Indian labour have barely paused to consider the social consequences of unionization. The origin of the labour movement in India goes back to the turn of the century, and over five million workers are now unionzed. A movement of this proportion cannot be without consequence for the attitudes and behaviour of workers. In the specifically Indian context the crucial question is how a trade union movement whose very cornerstone, at least ideally, is a sense of camaraderie among a socially diverse workforce interacts with a traditional society whose foundation is the caste system.

5 citations




Journal Article

3 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: First-year students entering Macquarie University in 1971 were sampled according to fathers' birthplace and the distribution of fathers' occupations was compared with the occupational distribution of the Australian male workforce.
Abstract: First-year students entering Macquarie University in 1971 were sampled according to fathers' birthplace. The distribution of fathers' occupations was compared with the occupational distribution of the Australian male workforce. The upper and middle socio-occupational groups of students were over-represented and the lower socio-occupational group was under-represented for the migrants as well as the Australian-born. Within each of the three major socio-occupational groups, however, the ratio by birthplace for students' fathers did not differ significantly from the ratio by birthplace for the total Australian male workforce.

2 citations



01 Nov 1976
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the operational use of a conversational manpower model at the Naval Underwater Systems Center (NUSC) in order to enable two-way dialogues between the manpower analyst and the supporting computer-based models.
Abstract: : This report describes the operational use of a conversational manpower model at the Naval Underwater Systems Center (NUSC). In this application the intent is to provide the technology to permit two-way dialogues between the manpower analyst/manager and the supporting computer-based models. This includes a description of the operational use of this system as part of a major relignment of NUSC's workforce. (Author)

2 citations


Journal Article