Topic
X chromosome
About: X chromosome is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 9862 publications have been published within this topic receiving 407354 citations. The topic is also known as: GO:0000805 & chrX.
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TL;DR: Comparison of the hybridization spectra obtained under non-stringent conditions and of restriction site periodicities in different chromosome-specific families allowed the identification of three “suprachromosomal” families, each located on a characteristic set of chromosomes.
Abstract: The chromosomal distribution of sequences homologous to 18 coned alpha satellite fragments was established by in situ hybridization. It appeared that all the cloned sequences were members of small repeated families located on single chromosome pairs. Among the sequences studied specific molecular markers for chromosomes 3, 4, 10,11,17,18 and X were found. Comparison of the hybridization spectra obtained under non-stringent conditions and of restriction site periodicities in different chromosome-specific families allowed the identification of three “suprachromosomal” families, each located on a characteristic set of chromosomes. The three families together cover all the autosomes and the X chromosome. These data plus those reported previously allow part of the phylogenetic tree of chromosome-specific alpha satellite repeats to be drawn. Each suprachromosomal family has presumably originated from a distinct ancestral sequence and consists of certain types of monomers. Ancestral sequences have evolved into a number of chromosome-specific families by cycles of interchromosomal transfers and subsequent amplification events. The high homogeneity of chromosome-specific families may be a result of intrachromosomal homogenization of amplification units in chromosome-specific alpha satellite domains.
114 citations
TL;DR: A gene order of Hq-Ta-Pgk-1-Mo is suggested, based on recombination data, which shows that males from feral sampling or from a variety of genetic crosses have only a single-banded phenotype of the variant PGK-1A type or of thePGK- 1B type commonly found among inbred mice.
Abstract: Electrophoretic variation for X-chromosome-linked phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK-1) has been found as a polymorphism in feral mice in Denmark. Males from feral sampling or from a variety of genetic crosses have only a single-banded phenotype of the variant PGK-1A type or of the PGK-1B type commonly found among inbred mice. By contrast, three phenotypes were observed among females; two homozygous single-banded types and a heterozygous double-banded type. The X-chromosome linkage of the Pgk-1 locus was determined from the mode of inheritance in F1 and backcross generations and confirmed by the linkage of Pgk-1 and the X-linked markers Hq, Ta and Mo. Pgk-1 showed 29/122 recombinations with Hq, 5/185 with Ta and 0/108 recombinants with Mo. Based on these recombination data, a gene order of Hq—Ta—Pgk-1—Mo is suggested.
114 citations
TL;DR: The two X chromosomes of female mouse cells in early cleavage stages showed the same characteristic banding pattern as that observed in the X chromosome from adult male fibroblasts, and it was not until the 9th day of gestation that the late-labeling X predominated, as in adult cells.
114 citations
TL;DR: Differences between males and females in gene silencing using a heterochromatin-sensitive reporter gene are demonstrated and a role for Sry is uncovered in modulating autosomal gene expression in a sex chromosome complement-specific manner.
114 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that the X-linked enzyme lacuts is expressed after fertilization but before the morula stage, and that inactivation of the X chromosome does not occur during oogenesis.
Abstract: The activity of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase in unfertilized mouse ova and in mouse embryos at the two-cell stage is proportional to the number of X chromosomes present during oogenesis. This indicates that the enzyme is X-linked in the mouse and that inactivation of the X chromosome does not occur during oogenesis. However, the genetic dosage effect of the X chromosomes is not present after the increase in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activity in the late morula and the blastocyst stages. These results indicate that the X-linked enzyme lacuts is expressed sometimne after fertilization but before the morula stage.
114 citations