Topic
X chromosome
About: X chromosome is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 9862 publications have been published within this topic receiving 407354 citations. The topic is also known as: GO:0000805 & chrX.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: It is found that mouse PAR DNA occupies unusually long chromosome axes, potentially as shorter chromatin loops, predicted to promote double-strand break (DSB) formation and uncover specific mechanisms that surmount the unique challenges of X-Y recombination.
Abstract: Meiosis requires that each chromosome find its homologous partner and undergo at least one crossover. X-Y chromosome segregation hinges on efficient crossing-over in a very small region of homology, the pseudoautosomal region (PAR). We find that mouse PAR DNA occupies unusually long chromosome axes, potentially as shorter chromatin loops, predicted to promote double-strand break (DSB) formation. Most PARs show delayed appearance of RAD51/DMC1 foci, which mark DSB ends, and all PARs undergo delayed DSB-mediated homologous pairing. Analysis of Spo11β isoform-specific transgenic mice revealed that late RAD51/DMC1 foci in the PAR are genetically distinct from both early PAR foci and global foci and that late PAR foci promote efficient X-Y pairing, recombination, and male fertility. Our findings uncover specific mechanisms that surmount the unique challenges of X-Y recombination.
224 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Xist expression is initially dictated solely by parental imprinting, causing expression of all paternal alleles, and the results suggest thatXist expression may itself be regulated by a novel imprinted maternally expressed gene.
223 citations
TL;DR: DXYS1, a site showing greater than 99% DNA sequence homology between the human X and Y chromosomes, maps to the X long arm and to the Y short arm, suggesting an X–Y transposition during human evolution.
Abstract: DXYS1, a site showing greater than 99% DNA sequence homology between the human X and Y chromosomes, maps to the X long arm and to the Y short arm. In great apes, sequences homologous to DXYS1 are found only on the X chromosome. These findings suggest an X–Y transposition during human evolution.
223 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that Jarid2 loss prevents efficient PRC2 and H3K27me3 enrichment to Xist-coated chromatin, and represents an important intermediate between PRC 2 and Xist RNA for the initial targeting of thePRC2 complex to the X chromosome during onset of XCI.
223 citations
TL;DR: In differentiating female embryonic stem cells, the appearance of a late-replicating X chromosome and stabilization of Xist transcripts coincide and precede the down-regulation of X-linked gene expression and the emergence of a hypoacetylated X chromosome.
223 citations