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Xanthine

About: Xanthine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4046 publications have been published within this topic receiving 129820 citations. The topic is also known as: Xanthine.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Oxidation of fully (6-electron) reduced xanthine dehydrogenase by either urate or NAD is monophasic and dependent on the oxidant concentration, whereas the second phase is dependent on reductant concentration.

62 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: One effect of prooxidant compounds appears to be the inhibition of IC, which may be important in the sublethal toxicity of oxygen radical generating compounds.

62 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The importance of de novo purine synthesis as opposed to the reutilisation of metabolites by salvage pathways, and the nature of the excretory product(s) of purine degradation, have been examined in cultured preimplantation mouse embryos.
Abstract: The importance of de novo purine synthesis as opposed to the reutilisation of metabolites by salvage pathways, and the nature of the excretory product(s) of purine degradation, have been examined in cultured preimplantation mouse embryos. In the presence of azaserine and mycophenolic acid, which inhibit de novo purine synthesis, embryo cleavage was blocked prior to compaction, the precise stages at which this occurred depended on whether the cultures were established on day 1 or day 2 after fertilisation, and indicated that salvage pathways were insufficient to fulfil the demand for nucleotides during early preimplantation development. The end-product of purine degradation appeared to be xanthine, which was excreted in very small amounts on days 1, 2 and 3, with a pronounced rise from the early to late blastocyst. Uric acid formation or excretion could not be detected. Exogenous hypoxanthine and adenine, which partially inhibited development, were taken up by the embryos and converted to xanthine, most probably by salvage pathways, since the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which converts hypoxanthine directly to xanthine and then to uric acid, could not be detected. Exogenous guanine had little effect on development and was also converted to xanthine, but in this case, the conversion was probably in a single step, via the enzyme guanase.

62 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Initiation of linoleic acid autooxidation is postulated to result from a reaction between superoxide and lipid hydroperoxide, but the nature of this reaction is uncertain, but it does not appear to depend on iron catalysis.

62 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202361
2022108
202157
202060
201961
201869