Topic
Xanthine
About: Xanthine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4046 publications have been published within this topic receiving 129820 citations. The topic is also known as: Xanthine.
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TL;DR: The data suggest that oxygen radicals can reversibly increase endothelial permeability to macromolecules, that this is associated with reversible changes in endothelial cell shape and actin filaments, and that the changes in cell shape are related to oxidant-induced changes to endothelial calcium homeostasis.
197 citations
TL;DR: Xanthine oxidase (xanthine: oxygen oxidoreductase EC 1.3.2) inhibitory activity was assayed from 26 species belonging to 18 families traditionally used for the treatment of gout and related symptoms by Indigenous people of northeastern North America.
195 citations
TL;DR: XO decomposes RSNO by O·̄2-dependent and -independent pathways, and in the presence of oxygen it leads to peroxynitrite formation, and it is found that CysNO is an electron acceptor substrate for XO with aK m of 0.7 mm.
195 citations
TL;DR: The toxicity of free SOD in hearts subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury is attributed to the production of hydroxyl radicals as a result of the increased Fenton reaction.
194 citations
TL;DR: Children with an X-linked neurological disease often classed as cerebral palsy show an absence of an enzyme of purine metabolism, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (PRTase), in the brain, liver, fibroblasts, and erythrocytes, which suggests that the brain also has an increased purine synthesis.
Abstract: Children with an X-linked neurological disease often classed as cerebral palsy show an absence of an enzyme of purine metabolism, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (PRTase), in the brain, liver, fibroblasts, and erythrocytes. The absence in these patients of PRTase activity in the basal ganglia where the enzyme is normally of highest activity can be correlated with the fact that the major clinical symptoms are attributable to basal ganglia dysfunction. The concentration of oxypurines (hypoxanthine and xanthine) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was four times normal and was greater than in plasma, which suggests that the brain also has an increased purine synthesis. The possible role of high oxypurine concentration in CSF in development of the neurological disease has been discussed. Treatment with allopurinol produced a further increase in the concentration of oxypurines in CSF.
194 citations