Showing papers on "Xanthone published in 2014"
TL;DR: Xanthone alleviates Pb-induced neurotoxicity, in part, by suppression of oxidative damage and reversing AChE activity with a reduction in learning deficit and memory loss.
52 citations
TL;DR: Two new prenylated xanthones are isolated from the pericarps of Garcinia mangostana and showed significant cytotoxic activities against various human cancer cell lines.
Abstract: Bioassay-guided fractionation of an ethanol extract of the pericarps of Garcinia mangostana led to the isolation of two new prenylated xanthones, named 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-8-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-xanthone (1) and 1,3,8-trihydroxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-4-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl)-xanthone (2), together with the five known compounds garcinones C (3) and D (4), gartanin (5), xanthone I (6), and γ-mangostin (7). Their structures were elucidated primarily based on MS and NMR data. Compounds 1-7 showed significant cytotoxic activities against various human cancer cell lines.
49 citations
TL;DR: Test compounds 1 and 2 showed antihyperlipidemic activities as evidenced by significant decrease in serum TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C levels coupled together with elevation of HDL-C level in diabetic treated rats when compared to diabetic untreated rats, indicate the protective role against liver and kidney damage.
48 citations
TL;DR: The antimicrobial activity evaluation showed that microluside A exhibited antibacterial potential against Enterococcus faecalis JH212 and Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 8325 with MIC values of 10 and 13 μM, respectively.
47 citations
TL;DR: The structure-activity relationship studies revealed that phenol groups on C3 and C6 are critical to anti-proliferative activity and C4 modification is capable to improve both anti-cancer activity and drug-like properties.
43 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: This review focuses on mangosteen pericarp extracts, xanthones and derivatives for the future laboratory experiment and development in pharmacological aspects and concludes that xanthone compounds may play a major role in therapeutic treatment of the diseases.
Abstract: Objective This review focuses on mangosteen pericarp extracts, xanthones and derivatives for the future laboratory experiment and development in pharmacological aspects. Material and method All relevant literature databases were searched up to 2 March 2014. The search terms included mangosteen, xanthone, mangostin, and gatanin in all of the human, animal, in vitro and in vivo studies. Anti-intflammation, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer and antiulcer properties of each substance were the key parameters. Results Xanthones are a group of oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds including alpha-mangostin, gamma-mangostin, mangosteen extract, xanthone derivatives and synthetic xanthones, which provide remarkable and diverse pharmacological effects such as anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Conclusion These xanthone compounds may play a major role in therapeutic treatment ofthe diseases but precise mechanisms ofaction are still unclear and needfurther investigation.
41 citations
TL;DR: These isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on interferon-γ plus lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells and the cytotoxicity of these compounds was evaluated by MTT assay against three human cancer cell lines and against normal hepatic cells.
Abstract: Five new prenylated benzoylphloroglucinol derivatives, garciesculentones A-E (1-5), a new xanthone, garciesculenxanthone A (6), and 15 known compounds were isolated from the petroleum ether extract and the EtOAc-soluble fraction of a 80% (v/v) EtOH extract of Garcinia esculenta. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis and mass spectrometry. Experimental and calculated ECD and a convenient modified Mosher's method were used to determine the absolute configurations. The cytotoxicity of these compounds were evaluated by MTT assay against three human cancer cell lines (HepG2, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231) and against normal hepatic cells (HL-7702). In addition, these isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on interferon-γ plus lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells.
41 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that the use of α-MG-containing supplements by patients with UC may have unintentional risk, andα-MG exacerbated colonic pathology during DSS-induced colitis.
Abstract: Scope
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon. α-Mangostin (α-MG), the most abundant xanthone in mangosteen fruit, exerts anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities in vitro. We evaluated the impact of dietary α-MG on murine experimental colitis and on the gut microbiota of healthy mice.
39 citations
TL;DR: It was observed that α-M strongly interferes with homotypic aggregation, adhesion, plasticity and invasion ability of B16-F10 cells, probably by the observed reduction of metalloproteinase-9 activity.
34 citations
TL;DR: The results warrant further studies of the potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits of compounds from D.caudatum.
Abstract: Four flavanonols (1–4), one xanthone (5), and three flavonoid glycosides (6–8), were isolated from the leaves and stems of Desmodium caudatum. Their structures were elucidated by comparing spectroscopic data with reported values. The anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 exhibited inhibitory effects on LPS-induced IL-6, IL-12 p40, and TNF-α production with IC50 values ranging from 6.0 to 29.4 μM. Compound 5 exhibited 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species scavenging activity in human HaCaT keratinocytes. These results warrant further studies of the potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits of compounds from D.caudatum.
32 citations
TL;DR: In an effort to discover biologically active molecules from plants, the authors in this paper reported the isolation of two new compounds (dihydroxyprenyl xanthone acetylated (1) and cetoleilyl diglucoside (2) from the roots of Oenothera biennis and their free radical scavenging and ferric reducing activity.
TL;DR: The identification of antiplasmodial benzophenone and xanthone compounds from edible Garcinia species by testing for in vitro inhibitory activity against Plasmodium falciparum provides evidence for the antiplAsmodial activity of Garciainia species and warrants further investigation of these fruits as dietary sources of chemopreventive compounds.
Abstract: Species of Garcinia have been used to combat malaria in traditional African and Asian medicines, including Ayurveda. In the current study, we have identified antiplasmodial benzophenone and xanthone compounds from edible Garcinia species by testing for in vitro inhibitory activity against Plasmodium falciparum. Whole fruits of Garcinia xanthochymus, G. mangostana, G. spicata, and G. livingstonei were extracted and tested for antiplasmodial activity. Garcinia xanthochymus was subjected to bioactivity-guided fractionation to
identify active partitions. Purified benzophenones (1–9) and xanthones (10–18) were then screened in the plasmodial lactate dehydrogenase assay and tested for cytotoxicity against mammalian (Vero) cells. The benzophenones guttiferone E (4), isoxanthochymol (5), and guttiferone H (6), isolated from G. xanthochymus, and the xanthones α-mangostin (15), β-mangostin (16), and 3-isomangostin (17), known from G. mangostana, showed antiplasmodial activity with IC50
values in the range of 4.71–11.40 µM. Artemisinin and chloroquine were used as positive controls and exhibited IC50 values in the range of 0.01–0.24 µM. The identification of antiplasmodial benzophenone and xanthone compounds from G. xanthochymus and G. mangostana provides evidence for the antiplasmodial activity of Garcinia species and warrants further investigation of these fruits as dietary sources of chemopreventive compounds.
TL;DR: In this article, two new benzopyranones, named coniochaetones E (1) and F (2), one xanthone, penicillone C (3), and one new benzophenone (4) are isolated from the soil fungus Penicillium citrinum PSU-RSPG95, together with ten known compounds.
TL;DR: The crude acetonic extract, the methylene chloride and ethyl acetate partitions, and some tested compounds isolated from this species demonstrated selective significant antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria, in particular Staphylococcus lugdunensis, Enterococcus faecalis and Mycobacterium smegmatis.
TL;DR: Given the overall profile, xanthone 7 is considered to be the most promising multitarget antidiabetic agent, and may have potential for the treatment of both diabetes and diabetic complications.
Abstract: Oxidative stress has been suggested to play a causative role in the development of obesity-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Given the antioxidant potency of previously reported xanthones isolated from Swertia mussotii. These natural products were further evaluated against other targets in diabetes, aldose reductase and α-glucosidase, in order to identify novel multitarget-directed antidiabetic agents. Among the 14 xanthones screened, 1,3,7,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone (6), 1,3,5,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone (7), and 2,3,6,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone-7C-(β-D-glucoside) (12) were confirmed as good antioxidants and α-glucosidase inhibitors. Xanthone 7 was also confirmed as a potent inhibitor of aldose reductase (ALR2). Xanthone 7 was the most active α-glucosidase and ALR2 inhibitor, with IC50 values of 5.2±0.3 μM and 88.6±1.6 nM, respectively, while compound 12 was shown to be the most active antioxidant. Given the overall profile, xanthone 7 is considered to be the most promising multitarget antidiabetic agent, and may have potential for the treatment of both diabetes and diabetic complications.
TL;DR: The results showed that compound 3g exhibits dose- and time-dependent anticancer effects on MGC-803 cells through apoptosis, which might be associated with its decreasing intracellular calcium and the mitochondrial membrane potential.
TL;DR: Three new polyketides including diphenyl ether, penicillither, anthraquinone and xanthone, together with twelve known compounds were isolated from the soil fungus Penicillium sp. PSU-RSPG99.
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the AM isolated from C. arborescens inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells, leading to cell cycle arrest and programmed cell death, which was suggested to occur through both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways with involvement of the NF-κB and HSP70 signaling pathways.
Abstract: Background
Cratoxylum arborescens has been used traditionally in Malaysia for the treatment of various ailments.
TL;DR: In this article, three new xanthones, xanthochymones A-C (1, 3), together with six known compounds including two xanthone, three biflavanoids, and one mellein derivative are isolated from the methanol extract of the twigs of Garcinia xanthophymus.
TL;DR: In this paper, two new biphenyls, doitungbiphetyls A (1) and B (2), along with four xanthones, 1,3,6-trihydroxy-8-isoprenyl-7-methoxyxanthone (5), morusignin K (6), 1,5-dihydroxyxanthones (7), and 1,7-diboxanthone(8), were isolated from the acetone extract of the twigs of a Garcinia sp.
TL;DR: In this paper, a synthetic approach toward xanthone and fluorenone derivatives through ruthenium catalyzed intra-molecular C-H bond functionalization using an external oxidant has been developed.
TL;DR: In this paper, a synthesis of the naturally occurring xanthone toxyloxanthone B was described, in which the key step is the regioselective addition of a methyl salicylate to a substituted benzyne followed by cyclization of the intermediate aryl anion to form the Xanthone, the regochemistry of the aryne addition being confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
TL;DR: Phytochemical investigation of the twigs of Garcinia nobilis led to the isolation of a new xanthone, named l-hydroxy-2,5-dimethoxyxanthone (1), together with 15 known compounds, which were tested for their cytotoxic activity against human cervix carcinoma cell line KB-3-1.
TL;DR: The structure of compound 1 was confirmed through X-ray crystallography which was then used as a reference to propose the revision of the structures of six seco-anthraquinones into xanthones.
TL;DR: Results indicate that xanthones can intercalate into the DNA base pairs by the hydrophobic plane and the xanthone with dimethylamine side chain may also bind the DNA phosphate framework by the basic amine alkyl chain, thus showing a better DNA binding ability than the x anthone.
Abstract: In this work, a xanthone derivative was obtained by cationic modification of the free hydroxyl group of xanthone with dimethylamine group of high pKa value. The interactions of xanthones with DNA were investigated by spectroscopic methods, electrophoretic migration assay and polymerase chain reaction test. Results indicate that xanthones can intercalate into the DNA base pairs by the hydrophobic plane and the xanthone with dimethylamine side chain may also bind the DNA phosphate framework by the basic amine alkyl chain, thus showing a better DNA binding ability than the xanthone. Furthermore, inhibition on tumor cells (ECA109, SGC7901, GLC-82) proliferation of xanthones were evaluated by MTT method. Analysis results show that the xanthone with dimethylamine side chain exhibits more effective inhibition activity against three cancer cells than the xanthone. The effects on the inhibition of tumor cells in vitro agree with the studies of DNA binding. It means that the amine alkyl chain would play an important role in its antitumor activity and DNA binding property.
TL;DR: Bioassay-guided fractionation of an extract of the lichen Cladonia incrassata against Staphylococcus aureus led to a novel compound, 1,5-dihydroxy-2,4,6-trichloro-7-methylxanthone, along with six known compounds.
Abstract: Bioassay-guided fractionation of an extract of the lichen Cladonia incrassata against Staphylococcus aureus led to a novel compound, 1,5-dihydroxy-2,4,6-trichloro-7-methylxanthone (1), along with six known compounds: (−)-usnic acid (2), didymic acid (3), condidymic acid (4), squamatic acid (5), thamnolic acid (6), and prasinic acid (7). Didymic, condidymic, and prasinic acids were isolated for the first time from C. incrassata. Didymic, condidymic, and (−)-usnic acids were active against S.
aureus (a minimum inhibitory concentration of 7.5 µg/mL).
TL;DR: In this article, the first semi-synthesis of neomangiferin from the natural C-glucoside mangiferin and glucose was described, which presented a facile protection strategy using Jurd's method to distinguish the different phenolic hydroxyl groups.
TL;DR: Results indicate that the new valuable compounds with antiarrhythmic and hypotensive activity might be found in the group of xanthone derivatives, and all studied compounds showed α1-adrenolytic properties in the in vivo and in vitro tests.
TL;DR: In this article, the direct intramolecular acylation of esters was developed by using the combined system of FeCl3 with Cl2CHOCH3, which offered a new and efficient approach to biologically important xanthone and chromone derivatives with regioselectivity.
Abstract: The direct intramolecular acylation of esters was developed by using the combined system of FeCl3 with Cl2CHOCH3. This unique cooperative system offered a new and efficient approach to biologically important xanthone and chromone derivatives with regioselectivity. Examples were reported, and control experiments were carried out to examine the effect of the benzyl esters and Cl2CHOCH3.
TL;DR: Seven new xanthone glycosides were isolated from the n-butanol extract of Swertia bimaculata, together with six known compounds, and compounds 3, 4, and 7 exhibited significant activities to inhibit α-glucosidase.
Abstract: Seven new xanthone glycosides ( 1 – 7 ) were isolated from the n -butanol extract
of Swertia bimaculata , together with six known compounds ( 8 – 13 ). Their
structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses (1D- and 2D-NMR,
HRESIMS, UV, and IR) and comparison with data reported in the literature. All the compounds were
evaluated for their α -glucosidase inhibitory activities in vitro , and compounds
3, 4 , and 7 exhibited significant activities to inhibit α -glucosidase.
Meanwhile the effects of different substitutions on the α -glucosidase inhibitory activity
of xanthone glycosides from S. bimaculata are also discussed.