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Xylopia aethiopica

About: Xylopia aethiopica is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 347 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5511 citations.


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TL;DR: Based on functional types of phytochemicals, the petiole is the most important part which contains 7 out of 9 active principles screened, followed by the bark and the leaf, therefore, the tree could serve as a source of making different types of cheap multifunctional drugs.
Abstract: This work aimed at investigating the functional types and compositions of bioactive compounds in Xylopia aethiopica. Plant parts (petiole, leaf, seed, stem bark, and roots) were collected from Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, North Central Nigeria. Extracts were qualitatively screened following standard protocols. Phytochemicals were screened and tested. This was followed by quantitative analysis of selected bioactive compounds using double extraction gravimetric method. Data were statistically analysed using SPSS software. From the result, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, reducing sugar, anthraquinones, steroids, flavonoids, and glycosides were present in the parts investigated. The stem bark contained very high amount of saponin (8.33%), alkaloid (5.67%) and flavonoid (5.24%). The seed had moderate amount of the quantified compounds. The high positive correlation between flavonoid and alkaloid (+0.999) was the most significant value (p=0.022) obtained though the quantified chemicals were all positively correlated. Therefore, based on quantity, the bark is the most important part of medicinal importance followed by the seed. Based on functional types of phytochemicals, the petiole is the most important part which contains 7 out of 9 active principles screened, followed by the bark and the leaf. Therefore, the tree could serve as a source of making different types of cheap multifunctional drugs. Key words: Extracts, bioactive compounds, phytochemicals, correlation, drug, Xylopia aethiopica.

20 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The study revealed that extracts decreased the plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels in treated rats and is attributable to the presence of hypolipidemic agent in the extracts, suggesting effective potential to lower hepatotoxic effects by the spices.
Abstract: The influences on the biochemical profiles by three medicinal plant parts used by pregnant women in the southern part of Nigeria, Tetrapleura tetraptera, Piper guineense, and Xylopia aethiopica were evaluated through a feeding study using Albino Whistar rats. The study revealed that extracts decreased the plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels in treated rats and is attributable to the presence of hypolipidemic agent in the extracts. This shows that the extracts could reduce cardiovascular risk factor. Also, plasma levels of Potassium statistically decreased in the rats treated with T. tetraptera, P. guineense, and X. Aethiopica. This finding is suggestive of a hypokalaemic effect. Two major liver enzymes, ALT and AST plasma levels significantly decreased in the order X. Aethiopica > T. Tetraptera > P. Guineense and P. Guineense > X. Aethiopica > T. Tetraptera for ALT and AST respectively. These findings suggest effective potential to lower hepatotoxic effects by the spices.

20 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: X. aethiopica extract can be administered concurrently with ofloxacin, gentamycin, fluconazole and ketoconazole as against the previously held belief that plant extracts should not be administered together with conventional antibiotics because of apparent antagonism.
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic and methanolic fruit extracts of Xylopia aethiopica separately and in combination with three antibacterial antibiotics: gentamycin, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin; and two antifungal antibiotics: fluconazole and ketoconazole. Methods: Clinically isolated strains of bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and fungi: Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus were used for the assay. The in vitro activities of the methanolic and ethanolic extracts of the X. aethiopica plant fruit and the conventional antibiotic discs were individually and initially investigated before the combined evaluation. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were studied. The agar diffusion method was used for the assays. Results: The extracts were active against P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, S. aureus, A. flavus and C. albicans. Extracts showed little effect against K. pneumonia and no activity against E. coli. MIC ranged between 31.25 mg/ml and 125 mg/ml while MBC varied from 15.65 mg/ml to 62.50 mg/ml. There was synergistic interaction between the plant extracts and most of the antibiotics investigated. Conclusion: X. aethiopica extract shows antimicrobial activity and therefore the potential for further investigation with a view to finding its relevance in chemotherapy. X. aethiopica extract can be administered concurrently with ofloxacin, gentamycin, fluconazole and ketoconazole as against the previously held belief that plant extracts should not be administered together with conventional antibiotics because of apparent antagonism. These findings require in vivo confirmation in animal models.

19 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new trachylobane derivative identified as 7alpha-hydroxytrACHyloban-19beta-oic acid has been isolated from the bark of Xylopia aethiopica and its structure elucidated by various NMR techniques and molecular modeling.
Abstract: A new trachylobane derivative identified as 7α-hydroxytrachyloban-19β-oic acid (1) has been isolated from the bark of Xylopia aethiopica and its structure elucidated by various NMR techniques and molecular modeling.

19 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
10 Apr 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, the inhibitory potentials of Azadirachta indica and Xylopia aethiopica isolates against SARS-CoV-2 viral accessory proteins and the host serine protease were investigated.
Abstract: Plants are repository of important constituents with proven efficacy against many human diseases including viral diseases. The antiviral activity of many plants including Azadirachta indica, Xylopia aethiopica and Allium cepa has been reported. The novel coronavirus disease is no exception among viral diseases in which plant compounds could serve as potent antagonist. Therefore, our study investigated the inhibitory potentials of Azadirachta indica and Xylopia aethiopica isolates against SARS-CoV-2 viral accessory proteins and the host serine protease. The protein data (SARS-CoV-2 Papain like protease (PLpro) (PDB: 6wx4), Chymotrypsin-like main protease (3CLpro) (PDB:6YB7), SARS-CoV nsp 12 (PDB: 6nus), Host cell protease (TMPRSS1) (PDB:5ce1) were obtained from the protein data bank (PDB), while the SDS format of each Ligands were obtained from Pubchem database. Molecular docking analysis was performed with Auto Dock Vina 1.5.6 and visualization of the interaction between the ligands and protein was done with discovery studio 2019. The ADMET prediction of pharmacokinetics and toxicity properties of the ligands was obtained using vNN Web Server. Our result showed that all the plant isolates demonstrated negative Gibb’s free energy, indicating good binding affinity for both the viral and host protein. Overall, twenty-three of the forty-seven isolates showed good binding affinity comparable with dexamethasone that was used as reference drug. Although many of the compounds have good binding affinity for the viral and host proteins, based on the ADMET prediction, only Azadironic acid, Nimbionone, Nimbionol and Nimocinol all from A. indica could serve as potential drug candidate with good pharmacokinetics and toxicity profile. This study provides an insight into potential inhibitors and novel drug candidates for SARS-CoV-2. Further studies will look forward into the wet laboratory validation of Azadironic acid, Nimbionone, Nimbionol and Nimocinol against corona virus disease.

19 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202115
202022
201913
201828
201717
201621