Xylopia aethiopica

About: Xylopia aethiopica is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 347 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5511 citations.

Anti-Microbial Activity of Ethanol Extracts of Two Indigenous Nigerian Spices

Abstract: Ethanol extracts of two Nigerian spices, Piper guineense (fruits) and Xylopia aethiopica (seeds), were tested for anti-microbial activity against a fungus and seven bacterial strains by the agar diffusion technique. Piper guineense, but not Xylopia aethiopica, was active against Candida albicans. Extracts of both spices were variously bactericidal or bacteristatic against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051, Escherichia coli ATCC 11775, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 12600, as well as locally isolated strains of the above bacteria, and Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 strain was not susceptible.

Inventaire ethnomédicalet évaluation de l'activité anthelminthiquedes plantes médicinalesutilisées en côte d'ivoire contre les helminthiases intestinales

Abstract: Information collected from traditional healers and breeders revealed that 66 herbaI remedies and 55 medicinal plants are used for the treatment of intestinal helminthiasis in the Ferkessedougou region, in the Northern part of the Cote d'Ivoire. The plants species are divided into 33 families and 53 genera. Leaves, roots and stem barks were most frequently used in the form of decoction, pounded plants and ground remedies. Administration was essentially oral. Based on these results and the literature, 30 plant species belonging to 29 families were selected for in vitro anthelmintic screening, using Haemonchus contortus as the test species. Of 34 crude ethanol extracts tested, 7 were active on the different stage larvae of H. contortus. These are Napoleonaea vogelii followed by Parinari excelsa, Sacoglottis gabonensis, Xylopia aethiopica, Waltheria indica, Ceiba pentandra, Harungana madagascariensis. These results supported the traditional use of these plants in the control of helminthiasis in small ruminants and probably in human.

Xylopia aethiopica Seeds from Two Countries in West Africa Exhibit Differences in Their Proteomes, Mineral Content and Bioactive Phytochemical Composition

Abstract: Aside from its multiple medicinal uses, the fruit of Xylopia aethiopica is widely used in Africa as food. Herein, we characterize the protein profiles, mineral content and bioactive phytochemical composition of the seeds of this plant sourced in Ghana and Nigeria. Using label-free proteomics, a total of 677 proteins were identified, with 260 found in the Ghana-sourced samples while 608 proteins were detected in the samples from Nigeria. However, 114 proteins were common between the samples from the two countries, among which 48 were significantly changed. Bioinformatics and functional analyses revealed that the differential levels of the proteins were mainly linked to pathways involved amino acids metabolism and biosynthesis. The significantly changed proteins related mainly to catalytic activity and carbon metabolism. The samples from Nigeria also exhibited superior qualities in terms of their antioxidant effects, and total phenolic and flavonoid content. Finally, only the content of Na varied to a statistically significant level. This study lends support to its culinary use and hints towards the impact of location of cultivation on the quality of the seeds. There is however need for further mechanistic investigations to unravel the underlying reasons for the observed differences.

Oxidative stress modulation by cameroonian spice extracts in HepG2 cells: Involvement of Nrf2 and improvement of glucose uptake

Abstract: Oxidative stress plays a relevant role in the progression of chronic conditions, including cardiometabolic diseases. Several Cameroonian plants, including spices, are traditionally used as herbal medicines for the treatment of diseases where oxidative stress contributes to insulin resistance, like type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study evaluated the antioxidant capacity and the effects on oxidative-stress-induced impairment of glucose uptake of 11 Cameroonian spice extracts. H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by human HepG2 cells was significantly reduced by 8/11 extracts. The most effective extracts, Xylopia parviflora, Echinops giganteus, and Dichrostachys glomerata, showed a concentration-dependent ROS-scavenging activity, which involved Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus. Xylopia parviflora, Tetrapleura tetraptera, Dichrostachys glomerata, Aframomum melegueta, and Aframomum citratum extracts showed the highest antioxidant capacity, according to oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) (2.52-88 μM Trolox Eq/g of extract), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (40.23-233.84 mg gallic acid Eq/g of extract), and total phenol (8.96-32.96% mg gallic acid Eq/g of extract) assays. In HepG2 cells, glucose uptake was stimulated by 4/11 extracts, similarly to insulin and metformin. H2O2-induced oxidative stress reduced glucose uptake, which was rescued by pretreatment with Xylopia aethiopica, Xylopia parviflora, Scorodophloeus zenkeri, Monodora myristica, and Dichrostachys glomerata extracts. The ROS-scavenging ability of the spice extracts may reside in some secondary metabolites observed by phytochemical profiling (reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector (HPLC-UV-DAD)). Further studies are needed to better clarify their biological activities and potential use to control oxidative stress and promote insulin sensitivity.

Etude Phytochimique Et De Cytotoxicité De Quelques Plantes Utilisées Dans Le Traitement De La Stérilité Féminine Au Sud-Bénin

Abstract: The most cited plant drugs during an ethnobotanical survey conducted for traditional healers and resource persons in southern Benin, used in the treatment of female infertility, were the subject of a phytochemical screening. It aims to determine the chemical substances that are conferred on the plants. These chemical substances are the pharmacological properties that are used for the treat of ailment recognized as being the origin of this disease. As a result, we studied the cytotoxicity of each herbal drug. In total, the organs of 17 plant species involved in this study are Aframomum melegueta, Allium cepa, Anchomanes deformants, Baphia nitida, Carissa spinarum, Elaeis guineensis, Garcinia cola, Kigelia africana, Monodora myristica, Morinda lucida, Musa sapientum, Olax subscorpioidea, Piper guineense, Pterocarpus erinaceus, Pupalia lappacea, Tetrapleura tetraptera, Xylopia aethiopica. The results obtained indicate that the richness in phytochemical element is a function of the species. Thus, Aframomum melegueta, Garcinia kola, Monodora myristica, Tetrapleura tetraptera, Xylopia aethiopica, and Anchomanes difformis are rich in catechin and/or gallic tannins, mucilages, reducing compounds, anthocyanins and/or leucoanthocyanins. On the other hand, no drugs is at same time rich in free anthracenics, steroids and / or terpernoids, alkaloids, saponosides, and quinone derivatives. The calculated CL50 values for each of the plant organs are all greater than 0.1 mg / ml. None of them is toxic. However, the non-toxicity of an herbal drug does not mean the same with the multispecies recipe in which it is used. Pharmacological tests of the various recipes used are also of significant importance.