Xylopia aethiopica

About: Xylopia aethiopica is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 347 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5511 citations.

Bioactivity of Acetone and Chloroform Extracts of Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich Seed Against Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

Abstract: Acetone and chloroform extracts of the seed of Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich (Annonaceae) were evaluated in the laboratory for their insecticidal effect on the adult Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Adult mortality was assayed using 0.5ml and 1.0 ml of extract per 20 g cowpea. Five dosages (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 ml) of X. aethiopica extracts per 20 g cowpea seed were used to determine the oviposition, adult emergence and seed damage by C. maculatus. Untreated control and solventtreated control were included. At 3 and 5 days after treatment (DAT), percentage mortality was significantly (p<0.05) higher in cowpea treated with chloroform extract (46.53%, and 62.45%, respectively) than what obtained in acetone extract (34.2% and 52.43%, respectively) of X. aethiopica. Application of extract at 1.0 ml/20 g seed caused significantly (p<0.05) higher percentage mortality when compared with the solvent treated controls. The LD50 (0.42 and 0.02 ml/20 g seed) for chlorof...

Chemical composition, antioxidant, and anticholine esterase activities of essential oil of xylopia aethiopica seeds

Abstract: Background: Xylopia aethiopica is well known to treat neurodegenerative diseases in traditional medicine and there is no scientific evidence for this claim. Objective: The current research aimed at investigating chemical characterization, antioxidant, and anticholine esterase activity of the essential oil from X. aethiopica. Materials and Methods: Essential oil extraction was carried out by the use of the steam distillation method in a modified Clevenger-type apparatus. The chemical composition of the essential oil from seeds of X. aethiopica (African pepper) was determined using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and its potentials as antioxidant and anticholine esterase were evaluated for the first time. Results: The oil yield was 5.2% (v/w) in X. aethiopica. The GC-MS analysis identified a total of 52 compounds corresponding to 100% of the total oil in X. aethiopica. The major constituents of X. aethiopica essential oil are terpinen-4-ol (11.88%), α-terpineol (5.93%), cyclohexane methanol (4.79%), and β-copaene (4.74%). The most abundant classes of compounds from the essential oil were oxygenated monoterpenes (MT) which amounted to (37.6%), followed by oxygenated sesquiterpenes (29.61%), sesquiterpenes (14.67%), oxygenated diterpenes (9.05%), nonterpenoid aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons (4.81%), diterpenes (3.8%), and MT (0.47%) of all the identified constituents. A significant antioxidant (IC50value of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl = 2.19 ± 0.09 mg/mL) and anticholine esterase activity (IC50 =1.21 ± 0.06 mg/mL) was obtained for the essential oil of X. aethiopica. Conclusion: The study established the chemical composition, antioxidant, and anticholine esterase activities of the essential oil of the plant seeds.

Growth performance and blood profile of grazing Red Sokoto bucks fed Xylopia aethiopica seed meal diets

Abstract: This study was aimed at assessing the growth performance and blood profile of grazing Red Sokoto bucks fed Xylopia aethiopica seed meal diet. Nine (9) Red Sokoto bucks were apportioned to three (3) dietary treatments; T1, T2, and T3 at 0%, 2.5% and 5% Xylopia aethiopica seed meal inclusion level in a completely randomized design. The weights of the animals were taken at the beginning of the experiment and done weekly to determine the live weight changes. Feed intake was calculated as the difference between feed served and refusals. The experiment lasted 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of the experimental animals and taken to the laboratory for haematological and biochemical analysis. Xylopia aethiopica supplementation did not statistically (P<0.05) affect performance. There were significant (P<0.05) differences in the Packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), platelet, neutrophil, lymphocyte, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), chloride, urea and creatinine values of the goats though they all fell within the normal range for goats. Xylopia aethiopica seed meal diet had no deleterious effects on performance and health conditions of the Red Sokoto bucks and is recommended for use in goat production at 5.0% inclusion levels. Key words: Creatinine; haemoglobin; negro pepper; packed cell volume and white blood cells.

Terpene-Rich Medicinal Plant Spices for Flavoring of Processed Tropical Food

Abstract: Tropical medicinal plant spices have remained underutilized in commercial food processing because of the inadequate chemical characterization of their terpene compositions. The activity of medicinal plants used in flavoring is due to their terpene contents. Terpene contents of Aframomum danielli seeds, Xylopia aethiopica fruits, Syzygium aromaticum leaves, Piper guineense seeds, and Monodora myristica seeds were determined using headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. P. guineense is rich in terpinene and terpinolene (2.5 g per 100 g), S. aromaticum has caryophyllene (0.68 g per 100 g); A. danielli is rich in ocimene (1.65 g per 100 g); X. aethiopica is rich in ocimene (2.94 g per 100 g); M. mystristica is rich in delta carene (0.49 g per 100 g). Combinations of the five medicinal plant spices are being applied as flavorings in packaged tropical food.

Aqueous extract of the fruits of Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich. protects against carbon tetrachloride - induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Abstract: Aim: This study was designed to examine the hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of the fruits of Xylopia aethiopica using the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) model. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry unit, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria between November, 2013 and April, 2014. Methodology: Thirty six rats divided into 6 groups of 6 animals each were used for the investigation. Group 1 served as control, while groups 2, 3 and 4 were pre-treated with aqueous extract of the fruit of X. aethiopica at the respective dose of 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg body weight for 21 days prior to a single intraperitoneal administration of CCl4. Animals in group 5 received only the fruit extract at a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight, while those in group 6 were given only CCl4. All animals were sacrificed 24 h after the administration of CCl4. Liver functions Original Research Article Adewale and Orhue; EJMP, 9(4): 1-10, 2015; Article no.EJMP.18927 2 was assessed by measuring the plasma levels of AST, ALT, ALP, total protein and albumin. Plasma lipid profile and the degree of lipid peroxidation in the liver were determined in addition to histopathological evaluations. Results: Whereas CCl4 administration resulted in significant elevations in plasma ALT, AST, and ALP, there was a significant reduction in both plasma total protein and albumin. In addition, histopathological changes were observed with CCl4. Analysis of the data obtained for MDA, SOD and catalase suggest that the plant extract exerts its protective effect probably by inhibiting CCl4induced lipid peroxidation in liver tissue. Conclusion: It can be suggested that X. aethiopica fruits has the ability to offer a significant degree of protection to liver cells against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rats by antioxidant mechanism of action.