Xylopia aethiopica

About: Xylopia aethiopica is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 347 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5511 citations.

Effect of aqueous fruit extract of Xylopia aethiopica on reproductive hormones in male guinea pigs

Abstract: The effect of aqueous fruit extract of xylopia aethiopica on reproductive hormones in male guinea pigs was investigated using 60 mature male guinea pigs which were randomly divided into 5 groups of 12 animals each. Daily oral doses of 2.5mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg of extract were administered to each of the animals in the four treatment groups respectively, while the control group received equal volume of distilled water only. Blood from 6 animals in each group were analysed for leuteinising hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Testosterone on the 8th and 15th days of the experiment by classical ELISA method, using Human kits. The result shows a dose dependent significant (p<0.05) decrease in the plasma levels of LH, FSH and Testosterone for both the 7 days and 14 days treatment groups respectively. Also, a time dependent significant (p<0.05) decrease was observed for both LH and FSH at all treatment doses. This suggests that the use of xylopia aethiopica fruits by human males may have both dose and time dependent adverse effects on the reproductive hormones, and therefore on their reproductive capacity.

In vitro antifungal activity of essential oils extracted from some plants of Tangawisi® products on Candida albicans

Abstract: This work aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of essential oils extracted from Tangawisi® plants on a strain of Candida albicans Nine plants were identified as aromatic plants contained in Tangawisi® products and their essential oil yield had being determined The extraction yield in essential oils of identified plants were respectively Piper guineense (494%), Monodora myristica (157%), Zingiber officinalis (131%), Xylopia aethiopica (123%), Securidaca longepedunculata (107%), Cyperus articulatus (059%), Aframomum melegueta (033%), Mangifera indica (016%) and Heinsia crinita (0,247%) TLC chromatographic profile showed that each essential had a characteristic fingerprint and compared to thymol and eugenol used as positive control, only Zingiber officinalis contains eugenol The diameter of the inhibition zone formed as a result of six of these essential oils is 6 mm for essential oils of Monodora myristica and Piper guineense, 933 mm for that of Cyperus articulatus, 1133 mm for the Xylopia aethiopica, 157 mm for that of Securidaca longepedunculata and 19 mm for the Zingiber officinalis oils The minimum fungistatic concentration on the strain of Candida albicans is 005% for essential oils of Securidaca longepedunculata, 0075% for Zingiber officinalis and Xylopia aethiopica and 05% for those of Monodora myristica, Piper guineense and Cyperus articulatus The essential minimum fungicidal concentration is 0075% for oil of Securidaca longepedunculata, 025% for that of Zingiber officinalis, 05% for that of Xylopia aethiopica, 1% for that of Monodora myristica, 25% for that of Cyperus articulatus and is greater than 35% for that of Piper guineense The essential oils of Securidaca longepedunculata, Zingiber officinalis and Monodora myristica have a fungicide power to the Candida albicans strain while those of Xylopia aethiopica, Cyperus articulatus and Piper guineense have a fungistatic one

Role of African spices against Escherichia coli isolated from potable water sample in Sokoto, Nigeria

Abstract: The antibacterial activity of five selected spices against Escherichia coli was carried out using agar well diffusion method. Two solvent were used for extraction (ethanol and hot water), the extract were prepared at different concentration (20, 30, 40, 50 and 90 mg/ml). At 90 mg/ml concentration of ethanol extracts Zingiber officinale (11 mm), Allium sativum (9.0 mm), Syzygium aromaticum (5 mm) and that of hot water extracts the zone of inhibition were; Z. officinale (5.0 mm), A. sativum (4.0 mm), S. aromaticum (2.0 mm) while Xylopia aethiopica and Piper umbellatum do not showed any activity against the E. coli of both ethanol and hot water extracts. The standard of seven antibiotics used (control) for comparison only ciprofloxacin was observed to be effective against E. coli. The autoclave extracts do not have any activity against the test organism even at high concentration. The minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration were also determined. We observed that the ethanol extracts were more affective against the E. coli than that of hot water extracts. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and alkaloids in varying concentration.

Insecticidal Effects of Four Plants Extract Against Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in Infested Dried Cassava Chips

Abstract: The biological activity of Azardiractita indica (neem leaves), Tetrapleura tetraptera (seeds), Piper guinensee (alligator pepper seeds) and Xylopia aethiopica (black pepper seeds) extr acts surface treatment applied at two different concentrations to dri ed cassava chips (Esculenta manihot ) again st Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) to determine infestation rate via mortality and emergence of the pest and weight loss in the dried cassava chips were conducted. The Bio assay was conducted under temperature and relative humidity of 27±2 and 65±5%, respectively within an investigation period of 28 days. Out of the four plants extract A. indica has the best insecticidal properties, this was followed by P. guinensee, T. tetraptera and X. aethiopica in a descending order of efficacy.

Efficacy of Three Plant Powders in the Control of Cylas puncticollis (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Sweet Potato During Storage

Abstract: Biological assays were carried out to determine the effectiveness of powders of three locally available plants, Dennettia tripetala (G. Backer), Xylopia aethiopica (A. Rich) and Aframomum melegueta (K. Schum), for the control of Cylas puncticollis a sweet potato weevil. Powders of the leaves and fruits of each plant were separately applied at concentrations of 1, 3 and 5% (w/w for powders) for biological assays. This was laid out in a completely randomised design with each treatment replicated four times. Results revealed that 3 and 5%powders of the three test plants led to significantly (P < 0.05) higher mortality of C. puncticollis as compared to 1 % (powders) and the control (0.0 for powder). The fruit powders were more effective than leaves. The effectiveness of these plant products on C. puncticollis was directly proportional to concentration, with higher concentration providing greater protection of the tubers. Powders of A. melegueta and X. aethiopica fruits at 5 % applications caused the highest significant mortality of C. puncticollis after 96 h.Adult emergence was also significantly higher in the control than in treated tubers with A. melegueta giving the lowest number of emerged adults. Quantitative analysis of the plant products revealed the presence of the active phytochemicals (alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, carotenoids and phenols) in various proportions, which may have caused the mortality of the pest in question on sweet potato in post-harvest storage at a small scale in Calabar, Nigeria.