Xylopia aethiopica

About: Xylopia aethiopica is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 347 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5511 citations.

Antibacterial Screening of Two Indigenous Nigerian Spices; Piper guineense and Xylopia aethiopica

Abstract: Leaf and fruit extracts of Piper guineense and Xylopia aethiopica were respectively evaluated for their antibacterial activities against two (2) organisms; Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibacterial activity was measured by agar well diffusion method using 8 mm diameter cork borer. All the extracts except hot aqueous extract of P. guineense leaves showed antibacterial activity against the test bacterial isolates. Cold aqueous extract of X. aethiopica did not exhibit antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa, also hot aqueous extract of X. aethiopica did not exhibit antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa. The ethanolic extracts of P. guineense showed inhibitory activity against the two test bacterial isolates with zone diameter of inhibition that ranged between 12.5 mm to 28.0 mm, while X. aethiopica showed activity with zone diameter of inhibition that ranged between 11.5 mm to 20.0 mm. The cold aqueous extracts of P. guineense showed antibacterial activity against both test bacterial isolates with zone diameter of inhibition that ranged between 12.0 mm to 25.0 mm, while X. aethiopica showed activity only against S. aureus with zone Original Research Article Anika et al.; MRJI, 22(1): 1-11, 2017; Article no.MRJI.35444 2 of inhibition ranged between 9.5 mm to 19.0 mm. The hot aqueous extracts of P. guineense showed no antibacterial activity against the test organisms, while that of X. aethiopica showed activity only against S. aureus with zone of inhibition ranged between 9.0 mm to 25.0 mm. Amoxicillin and Ciprofloxacin antibiotics were used as positive controls, while the extracting solvents were used as negative controls. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, and tannins and the absence of alkaloids in both spices studied. The MIC result revealed variability in the inhibitory concentration of each extract for both organisms tested. All active extracts of Piper guineense where found to possess an MIC of 3.12 mg/ml, while the MIC range for all the active extracts of Xylopia aethiopica ranged between 3.12 mg/ml to 12.5 mg/ml. Based on this finding, these extracts show promise and form a primary platform for further phytochemical and pharmacological studies for use as alternative medicine.

Histological Effects of Xylopia aethiopica on the Kidney of Adult Wistar Rats

Abstract: This study investigates the effect of Xylopia aethiopica leaves on the histology of the kidney. 24 growing rats were used. They were divided into four groups: A (n = 6) as control and B (n = 6), C (n = 6) and D (n = 6) as tests. Group A received normal feed and distilled water only, while B, C and D, received daily doses of 1.2g, 3.0g, and 6.0g / kg body weight of Xylopia aethiopica leaves respectively, for 21 days. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed under light chloroform anesthesia to harvest the kidney for histological studies. The kidney was excised, fixed in 10% formal saline and processed for light microscopy using HE hence the need for further studies.Keywords: Xylopia aethiopica, Kidney, Histology, Plants

The fruit extract of Xylopia aethiopica (dunal) a. rich. (annonaceae) and its principal constituent, Xylopic acid, modulate inflammation

Abstract: A Thesis submitted to the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor Of Philosophy, 2015

Xylopia aethiopica fruit extract lowers uric acid levels in wistar albino rats

Abstract: The effect of aqueous fruit extract of Xylopia aethiopica on bile, serum and fecal uric acid levels as well as bile secretion and cholesterol (LDL, VLDL, HDL and triglycerides) were studied in wistar albino rats. Thirty (30) wistar albino rats were divided into three groups of ten (10) rats each after an acclimatization period of seven (7) days. The control group received normal rat chow and water freely. The two test group's ii and iii received daily oral administration of 100mg/kg b.w and 200mg/kg b.w/day respectively of the fruit extract for 28 days, water and standard feed given ad libitum. At the end of the experimental period, bile, serum and feces from the three groups were analyzed for bilirubin and uric acid. Bile flow rate (ml/h) was significantly (p<0.05) lower in the test groups when compared with control. Total and unconjugated bile bilirubin in group ii were significantly (p<0.001) lower than control, while total, conjugated and unconjugated bile bilirubin in group iii was significantly (p<0.001) higher when compared with control. In the serum, total, conjugated and unconjugated biliribin was significantly (p<0.05, 0.001) higher in the group iii when compared with the control. Serum and fecal uric acid levels in the test groups were significantly (p<0.001) lower than in their control. The plasma cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides were significantly decreased in group i while the extract significant increased plasma triglyceride, VLDL but increased plasma LDL and HDL. It appears that low and high doses of aqueous fruit extract of Xylopia aethiopica caused the lowering of uric acid levels in serum and feces, and this might be a panacea to arthritis and gout , atherosclerosis, coronary heart diseases and other cardiovascular related disorders.