Topic
Xylopia aethiopica
About: Xylopia aethiopica is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 347 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5511 citations.
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01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: The likely mode of action of reported extracts and compounds included induction of apoptosis, coupled to cell cycle arrest either in G0/G1 or between G0-G1 and S-phases in cancer cells, disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential, generation of reactive oxygen species as well as activation of caspases enzymes.
Abstract: This chapter reports the ability of African medicinal spices and vegetables to tackle malignant diseases. The main in vitro cytotoxicity methods, such as 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT), (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) (MTS), resazurin assay, sulforhodamine B assay (SRB), and neutral red uptake assay are also discussed. Data were retrieved from published articles, available in scientific databases, such as Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Knowledge, related to African medicinal spices and vegetables, isolated compounds, and cancer cells. The most prominent cytotoxic extracts from spices and vegetables included Aframomum arundinaceum , Xylopia aethiopica , Echinops giganteus , Imperata cylindrica , Piper capense , Dorstenia psilurus , Zingiber officinale , Brassica rapa , Cleome gynandra , Colocasia esculenta , Corchorus olitorius , Moringa oleifera , Solanum nigrum , and Vigna unguiculata . The likely mode of action of reported extracts and compounds included induction of apoptosis, coupled to cell cycle arrest either in G0/G1 or between G0/G1 and S-phases in cancer cells, disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential, generation of reactive oxygen species as well as activation of caspases enzymes.
54 citations
TL;DR: Xylopia aethiopica XAE suppresses joint inflammation and destruction in arthritic rats and significantly suppressed the systemic spread of the arthritis from the ipsilateral to the contralateral limbs.
53 citations
TL;DR: Essential oils from fruits of Monodora myristica,Xylopia aethiopica and Xylopia parviflora have shown acceptable antineoplastic potency, and might be investigated further in this regard.
Abstract: Cancer has become a global public health problem and the search for new control measures is urgent. Investigation of plant products such as essential oils from Monodora myristica, Xylopia aethiopica and Xylopia parviflora might lead to new anticancer therapy. In this study, we have investigated the antineoplastic activity of essential oils from fruits of these plants growing in Chad and Cameroon. The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of fruits of Monodora myristica, Xylopia aethiopica and Xylopia parviflora collected in Chad and Cameroon were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS and investigated for their antiproliferative activity against the breast cancer cell line (MCF7). Overall, monoterpenes were mostly found in the six essential oils. Oils from X. aethiopica and X. parviflora from Chad and Cameroon mainly contain β-pinene at 24.6%, 28.2%, 35.7% and 32.9% respectively. Monodora myristica oils from both origins contain mainly α-phellandrene at 52.7% and 67.1% respectively. The plant origin did not significantly influence the chemical composition of oils. The six essential oils exerted cytotoxic activity against cancer (MCF-7) and normal cell lines (ARPE-19), with more pronounced effect on neoplastic cells in the majority of cases. The highest selectivity was obtained with the essential oils of X. parviflora from Chad and Cameroon (5.87 and 5.54) which were more cytotoxic against MCF-7 than against normal cell line (ARPE-19) with IC50 values of 0.155 μL/mL and 0.166 μL/mL respectively. Essential oils from fruits of Monodora myristica, Xylopia aethiopica and Xylopia parviflora have shown acceptable antineoplastic potency, and might be investigated further in this regard.
51 citations
TL;DR: The main cytotoxic and DNA-damaging compound in ethanolic extracts of Xylopia aethiopica is ent-15-oxokaur-16-en-19-oic acid, which has antiproliferative activity against a panel of cancer cell lines.
Abstract: Background
Xylopia aethiopica, a plant found throughout West Africa, has both nutritional and medicinal uses. The present study aims to characterize the effects of extracts of this plant on cancer cells.
51 citations
TL;DR: The iodine value of 97 g/100 g indicates that the seed oil is a non-drying type, and the chemical composition and mineral constituents of Xylopia aethiopica, which is valued as a spice in Nigeria, were determined along with the physicochemical characteristics.
Abstract: The chemical composition and mineral constituents of Xylopia aethiopica, which is valued as a spice in Nigeria, were determined along with the physicochemical characteristics of the seed oil. The seeds had the following chemical compositions moisture (8.43 g/100 g), ash (5.89 g/100 g), crude lipid (9.58 g/100 g), crude protein (12.45 g/100 g) crude fiber (8.66 g/100 g) and carbohydrate (63.65 g/100 g). Calcium and potassium were the major minerals in the seed. The extracted lipid was examined for fatty acid composition. Linoleic (45.1 g/100 g) and oleic (26.5 g/100 g) acids were the predominant unsaturated fatty acids, while palmitic acid (18.0 g/100 g) was the major saturated acid. The iodine value of 97 g/100 g indicates that the seed oil is a non-drying type.
49 citations