Topic
Yeast
About: Yeast is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 31777 publications have been published within this topic receiving 868967 citations. The topic is also known as: yeasts.
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that yeast growth and activity were essential for cocoa bean fermentation and the development of chocolate characteristics.
187 citations
TL;DR: The lack of competition for maltose when S.exiguus M14 was present in co-culture with each of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) enhanced the bacterial cell yield and lactic and acetic acid production and grew optimally in the presence of sucrose as a carbon source.
Abstract: Interactions betweenLactobacillus brevis subsp.lindneri CB1,L. plantarum DC400,Saccharomyces cerevisiae 141 andS.exiguus M14 from sourdoughs were studied in a co-culture model system using a synthetic medium. The lack of competition for maltose whenS.exiguus M14 was present in co-culture with each of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) enhanced the bacterial cell yield and lactic and acetic acid production.L.brevis subsp.lindneri CB1 resting cells hydrolysed maltose and accumulated glucose in the medium, allowing the growth of maltose negative yeast.S.cerevisiae 141 competed greatly with each of the LAB for glucose and only withL.plantarum DC400 for fructose, causing a decrease in the bacterial cell number and in acid production. As a result of the glucose and fructose availability after the invertase activity of both yeasts,L.plantarum DC400 grew optimally in the presence of sucrose as a carbon source. All of the interactions indicated were confirmed by studying the behaviour of the co-cultures in wheat flour hydrolysate.
186 citations
TL;DR: It is shown, with respect to promotion of G1 arrest and sexual development, that the loss of Tor1 (TORC2) and the Loss of Tor2 ( TORC1) exhibit opposite effects, highlighting an intriguing functional relationship among TOR kinase complexes in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Abstract: Fission yeast has two TOR (target of rapamycin) kinases, namely Tor1 and Tor2. Tor1 is required for survival under stressed conditions, proper G(1) arrest, and sexual development. In contrast, Tor2 is essential for growth. To analyze the functions of Tor2, we constructed two temperature-sensitive tor2 mutants. Interestingly, at the restrictive temperature, these mutants mimicked nitrogen starvation by arresting the cell cycle in G(1) phase and initiating sexual development. Microarray analysis indicated that expression of nitrogen starvation-responsive genes was induced extensively when Tor2 function was suppressed, suggesting that Tor2 normally mediates a signal from the nitrogen source. As with mammalian and budding yeast TOR, we find that fission yeast TOR also forms multiprotein complexes analogous to TORC1 and TORC2. The raptor homologue, Mip1, likely forms a complex predominantly with Tor2, producing TORC1. The rictor/Avo3 homologue, Ste20, and the Avo1 homologue, Sin1, appear to form TORC2 mainly with Tor1 but may also bind Tor2. The Lst8 homologue, Wat1, binds to both Tor1 and Tor2. Our analysis shows, with respect to promotion of G(1) arrest and sexual development, that the loss of Tor1 (TORC2) and the loss of Tor2 (TORC1) exhibit opposite effects. This highlights an intriguing functional relationship among TOR kinase complexes in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
186 citations
TL;DR: Both pH dependence and inhibition by protonophores are consistent with a proton symport mechanism and Competition studies argue for a broad but stereospecific substrate recognition by the permease, which resembles neutral or general amino acid transport systems from Chlorella and higher plants.
Abstract: To study amino acid transport in plants at the molecular level, we have isolated an amino acid permease cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana by complementation of a yeast mutant defective in proline uptake with a cDNA. The predicted polypeptide of 53 kDa is highly hydrophobic with 12 putative membrane-spanning regions and shows no significant homologies to other known transporters. Expression of the cDNA enables the yeast mutant to take up L-[14C]proline. Competition studies argue for a broad but stereospecific substrate recognition by the permease, which resembles neutral or general amino acid transport systems from Chlorella and higher plants. Both pH dependence and inhibition by protonophores are consistent with a proton symport mechanism.
186 citations
TL;DR: Utilization and fermentation of xylose by the yeasts Pachysolen tannophilus I fGB 0101 and Pichia stipitis 5773 to 5776 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions are investigated and growth of both yeasts is stimulated by yeast extract.
Abstract: Utilization and fermentation of xylose by the yeasts Pachysolen tannophilus I fGB 0101 and Pichia stipitis 5773 to 5776 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions are investigated. Pa. tannophilus requires biotin and thiamine for growth, whereas Pi. stipitis does not, and growth of both yeasts is stimulated by yeast extract. Pi. stipitis converts xylose (30 g/l) to ethanol under anaerobic conditions with high yields of 0,40 and it produces only low amounts of xylitol. The yield coefficient is further increased at lower xylose concentrations.
186 citations