Topic
Yeast
About: Yeast is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 31777 publications have been published within this topic receiving 868967 citations. The topic is also known as: yeasts.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
157 citations
TL;DR: The isolation, by an immunological method, of a second nuclear gene encoding citrate synthase (CIT2) is reported, which showed that disruption of both genes in the yeast genome was necessary to produce classical citate synthase-deficient phenotypes: glutamate auxotrophy and poor growth on rich medium containing lactate, a nonfermentable carbon source.
Abstract: The tricarboxylic acid cycle occurs within the mitochondria of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A nuclear gene encoding the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme citrate synthase has previously been isolated (M. Suissa, K. Suda, and G. Schatz, EMBO J. 3:1773-1781, 1984) and is referred to here as CIT1. We report here the isolation, by an immunological method, of a second nuclear gene encoding citrate synthase (CIT2). Disruption of both genes in the yeast genome was necessary to produce classical citrate synthase-deficient phenotypes: glutamate auxotrophy and poor growth on rich medium containing lactate, a nonfermentable carbon source. Therefore, the citrate synthase produced from either gene was sufficient for these metabolic roles. Transcription of both genes was maximally repressed in medium containing both glucose and glutamate. However, transcription of CIT1 but not of CIT2 was derepressed in medium containing a nonfermentable carbon source. The significance of the presence of two genes encoding citrate synthase in S. cerevisiae is discussed.
157 citations
TL;DR: Interestingly, human CALIF is highly homologous to, although clearly different from, a recently described human CAF1 protein, and conserved interactions of this factor with both NOT and CCR4 proteins and co-immunoprecipitation experiments suggest that CALif is a bona fide component of the human C CR4-NOT complex.
Abstract: The yeast CCR4-NOT protein complex is a global regulator of RNA polymerase II transcription. It is comprised of yeast NOT1 to NOT5, yeast CCR4 and additional proteins like yeast CAF1. Here we report the isolation of cDNAs encoding human NOT2, NOT3, NOT4 and a CAF1-like factor, CALIF. Analysis of their mRNA levels in different human tissues reveals a common ubiquitous expression pattern. A multitude of two-hybrid interactions among the human cDNAs suggest that their encoded proteins also form a complex in mammalian cells. Functional conservation of these proteins throughout evolution is supported by the observation that the isolated human NOT3 and NOT4 cDNAs can partially com-plement corresponding not mutations in yeast. Interestingly, human CALIF is highly homologous to, although clearly different from, a recently described human CAF1 protein. Conserved interactions of this factor with both NOT and CCR4 proteins and co-immunoprecipitation experiments suggest that CALIF is a bona fide component of the human CCR4-NOT complex.
157 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A small number of strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were found to be capable of dominating the alcoholic fermentation in all vats of the same winery, independently of the grapevine cultivar and the time of the harvest.
Abstract: The pulsed field gel electrophoresis of chromosomes by its simplicity and discriminating power, constitute an ideal technique for the differentiation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. Analyses of karyotypes have been applied for the study of ecology of wild yeast strains involved in the spontaneous fermentation in red wine making in Bordeaux. The aims of this work were to establish whether spontaneous fermentation is carried out by a small number of wild strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and if there is a stability of yeast strains in the winery studied from one year to another. Analyses of karyotypes were performed on Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated at different stages of the fermentation in several vats of the same winery over a period of two years. A small number of strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were found to be capable of dominating the alcoholic fermentation in all vats of the same winery, independently of the grapevine cultivar and the time of the harvest. Similarly, stability among the dominant yeast karyotypes was observed. Mitochondrial DNA analysis of certain isolates of the dominant yeast karyotype gave identical restriction profiles. Taking into account the criteria for distinguishing strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is hypothesized that, over the timer period studied, there existed in one winery a wild strain that was dominant and stable during vinification.
157 citations
TL;DR: Growth experiments suggest that this substance excreted in C. albicans does not inhibit yeast cell growth but inhibits filamentous growth, which has implications for developmental signaling by the fungus and might have medicinal value in the development of antifungal therapies.
Abstract: The yeast Candida albicans has a distinguishing feature, dimorphism, which is the ability to switch between two morphological forms: a budding yeast form and a multicellular invasive filamentous form. This ability has been postulated to contribute to the virulence of this organism. Studies on the morphological transition from a filamentous to a budding yeast form in C. albicans have shown that this organism excretes an autoregulatory substance into the culture medium. This substance was extracted and purified by normal-phase and reversed-phase HPLC. The autoregulatory substance was structurally identified as 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienoate (farnesoic acid) by NMR and mass spectrometry. Growth experiments suggest that this substance does not inhibit yeast cell growth but inhibits filamentous growth. These findings have implications for developmental signaling by the fungus and might have medicinal value in the development of antifungal therapies.
157 citations