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Yeast

About: Yeast is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 31777 publications have been published within this topic receiving 868967 citations. The topic is also known as: yeasts.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The effects of including lyophilised whole yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in the diet on the seabream innate immune response showed that yeast supplements enhanced all the latter responses, but not the humoral response.

306 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
12 Jan 1996-Science
TL;DR: Phosphorylation ofPHO4 by PHO80-PHO85 turns off PHO5 transcription by regulating the nuclear localization of PHO4 in yeast when yeast are grown in phosphate-rich medium.
Abstract: PHO4, a transcription factor required for induction of the PHO5 gene in response to phosphate starvation, is phosphorylated by the PHO80-PHO85 cyclin-CDK (cyclin-dependent kinase) complex when yeast are grown in phosphate-rich medium. PHO4 was shown to be concentrated in the nucleus when yeast were starved for phosphate and was predominantly cytoplasmic when yeast were grown in phosphate-rich medium. The sites of phosphorylation on PHO4 were identified, and phosphorylation was shown to be required for full repression of PHO5 transcription when yeast were grown in high phosphate. Thus, phosphorylation of PHO4 by PHO80-PHO85 turns off PHO5 transcription by regulating the nuclear localization of PHO4.

306 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The synthetic lethality of the grx5 and grx2 mutations on one hand and ofgrx5 with thegrx3 grx4 combination on the other points to a complex functional relationship among yeast glutaredoxins, with Grx5 playing a specially important role in protection against oxidative stress both during ordinary growth conditions and after externally induced damage.
Abstract: Glutaredoxins are members of a superfamily of thiol disulfide oxidoreductases involved in maintaining the redox state of target proteins. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, two glutaredoxins (Grx1 and Grx2) containing a cysteine pair at the active site had been characterized as protecting yeast cells against oxidative damage. In this work, another subfamily of yeast glutaredoxins (Grx3, Grx4, and Grx5) that differs from the first in containing a single cysteine residue at the putative active site is described. This trait is also characteristic for a number of glutaredoxins from bacteria to humans, with which the Grx3/4/5 group has extensive homology over two regions. Mutants lacking Grx5 are partially deficient in growth in rich and minimal media and also highly sensitive to oxidative damage caused by menadione and hydrogen peroxide. A significant increase in total protein carbonyl content is constitutively observed in grx5 cells, and a number of specific proteins, including transketolase, appear to be highly oxidized in this mutant. The synthetic lethality of the grx5 and grx2 mutations on one hand and of grx5 with the grx3 grx4 combination on the other points to a complex functional relationship among yeast glutaredoxins, with Grx5 playing a specially important role in protection against oxidative stress both during ordinary growth conditions and after externally induced damage. Grx5-deficient mutants are also sensitive to osmotic stress, which indicates a relationship between the two types of stress in yeast cells.

304 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
30 Jan 1987-Science
TL;DR: In the absence of major metabolic variables, yeast cells seem to respond to the quality and quantity of mitochondrial DNA and modulate the levels of nuclear-encoded RNA's, perhaps as a means of intergenomic regulation.
Abstract: Isochromosomal, respiratory-deficient yeast strains, such as a mit-, a hypersuppressive petite, and a petite lacking mitochondrial DNA, are phenotypically identical in spite of differences in their mitochondrial genomes. Subtractive hybridizations of complementary DNA's to polyadenylated RNA isolated from derepressed cultures of these strains reveal the presence of nuclear-encoded transcripts whose abundance varies not only between them and their respiratory-competent parent, but among the respiratory-deficient strains themselves. Transcripts of some nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins, like cytochrome c and the alpha and beta subunits of the mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase, whose abundance is affected by glucose or heme, do not vary. In the absence of major metabolic variables, yeast cells seem to respond to the quality and quantity of mitochondrial DNA and modulate the levels of nuclear-encoded RNA's, perhaps as a means of intergenomic regulation.

303 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Jul 1992-Gene
TL;DR: The yeast and bacterial expression systems described here may be useful for further studies on the problem of expressing a biologically active peptide before scorpion toxins might be used for the genetic engineering of plants for insect resistance.

303 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20231,445
20223,214
2021816
2020870
2019977
2018968