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Young's modulus

About: Young's modulus is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20823 publications have been published within this topic receiving 484174 citations. The topic is also known as: elastic modulus & modulus of elasticity.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a tensile strength of 0.15 TPa was computed for individual carbon nanotubes in-situ in a transition electron microscope, based on the force required to break the tube.
Abstract: We have conducted pulling and bending tests on individual carbon nanotubes in-situ in a transition electron microscope. Based on our observation of the force required to break the tube, a tensile strength of 0.15 TPa was computed. From corresponding bending studies on such nanotubes, the Young's modulus was estimated to be 0.9 TPa (0.8 TPa after ‘sub continuum’ corrections). These results suggest a strength that is a large fraction of the elastic modulus, although previous measurements of their elastic stiffness have yielded higher modulus values, by as much as a factor of 2. The result does indicate that individual nanotubes can fail as essentially defect-free materials. Furthermore, we observed no obvious reduction in cross-sectional area prior to the failure. In addition, the bending experiments revealed a remarkable flexibility in these tubes. These unique properties support the potential of nanotubes as reinforcement fibers in structural materials.

1,069 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Changqiang Chen1, Yu Shi1, Yejin Zhang1, Jun Zhu1, Yunjie Yan1 
TL;DR: A core-shell composite NW model in terms of the surface stiffening effect correlated with significant bond length contractions occurred near the {1010} free surfaces is proposed to explore the origin of the size dependence, and it is possible to estimate the size-related elastic properties of GaN nanotubes and relative nanostructures by using this model.
Abstract: We report a size dependence of Young's modulus in [0001] oriented ZnO nanowires (NWs) with diameters ranging from 17 to 550 nm for the first time. The measured modulus for NWs with diameters smaller than about 120 nm is increasing dramatically with the decreasing diameters, and is significantly higher than that of the larger ones whose modulus tends to that of bulk ZnO. A core-shell composite NW model in terms of the surface stiffening effect correlated with significant bond length contractions occurred near the {1010} free surfaces (which extend several layers deep into the bulk and fade off slowly) is proposed to explore the origin of the size dependence, and present experimental result is well explained. Furthermore, it is possible to estimate the size-related elastic properties of GaN nanotubes and relative nanostructures by using this model.

995 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a two types of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) exist in cement-based materials, but less is known about how the two types affect the mechanical properties.

960 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the applicability of linear elastic fracture mechanics to concrete and similar materials is analysed by use of the Fictitious Crack Model, where the fracture zone in front of a crack is represented by a fictitious crack able to transfer stress.
Abstract: A calculation model (the Fictitious Crack Model), based on fracture mechanics and the finite element method, 1s presented. In the model the fracture zone in front of a crack is represented by a fictitious crack that 1s able to transfer stress. The stress transferring capability of the fictitious crack normally decreases when the crack width increases. The applicability of linear elastic fracture mechanics to concrete and similar materials is analysed by use of the Fictitious Crack Model. It" Is found that linear elastic fracture mechanics 1s too dependent on, among other things, specimen dimensions to be useful as a fracture approach, unless the dimensions, for concrete structures, are in order of meters. The usefulness of the J-integral, the COD-approach and the R-curve analysis is also found to be very limited where cementitious materials are concerned. The complete tensile stress-strain curve is introduced as a fracture mechanical parameter. The curve can be approximatively determined if the tensile strength, the Young's modius and the fracture energy are known. Su1table~lest methods Tor determining" TRise~~/'Voerties are presented and test results are reported for a number of concrete qua! » a. A new tyr * very stiff tensile testing machine Is presented by which it is possible to carry r . itable tensile tests on concrete. The complete tensile stress-strain curves h •«• feen determined for a number of concrete qualities. The thesi' overs a complete system for analysing crack propagation in concrete as it Include* -ealistic material model, a functional calculation model and methods for determiv" «/ the material properties necessary for the calculations. Therefore this work oi r t to be of use as a base for further studies of the fracture process of concrete < i similar materials.

897 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a simple linear stability analysis is presented which demonstrates that the nominally flat surface of an elastically stressed body is unstable with respect to the growth of perturbations with wavelengths greater than a critical wavelength.

873 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023260
2022553
2021653
2020692
2019699
2018727