Zeatin

About: Zeatin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2467 publications have been published within this topic receiving 64092 citations. The topic is also known as: Zeatin & (E/Z)-zeatin.

Effect of microalgae Messastrum gracile and Chlorella vulgaris on the in vitro propagation of orchid Cattleya labiata

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two green microalgae (Messastrum gracile and Chlorella vulgaris) in comparison with plant growth regulators (6-benzylaminopurine, BAP; thidiazuron, TDZ; zeatin, ZEA) on the in vitro propagation of Cattleya labiata, an endangered orchid, using the thin cell layer (TCL) technique from protocorms. TCL sections were cultivated in MS/2 medium containing M. gracile extract (EM) and biomass (BM); C. vulgaris extract (EC) and biomass (BC); and BAP, TDZ, and ZEA in different concentrations. Subsequently, the explants were grown in MS/2 medium, with 2 g L−1 of activated charcoal, to induce elongation and roots formation. For acclimatization, plants were transplanted in trays using Sphagnum sp. as substrate. TCL explants showed a higher formation of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) than entire protocorms. Explants cultivated in media supplemented with BM showed a high rate of PLB regeneration (59%) and high mean number of PLBs (4 per explant) and 85% survival after acclimatization of the plants. Supplementation with BAP stimulated similar morphogenic responses to those observed with BM and superior results obtained with ZEA and TDZ. Mass propagation of C. labiata plants was successfully achieved using TCL, and it is recommended to supplement the MS/2 medium with 4 g L−1 of BM or 4 mg L−1 of BAP. Microalgae extracts and biomasses are effective alternatives for in vitro propagation of C. labiata that can replace plant growth regulators, as they favored the formation of PLBs and plants.

Efficient plant regeneration from leaf explants of Solanum americanum

Abstract: A very efficient system for direct plant regeneration from in vitro –derived leaf explants of Solanum americanum was developed. S. americanum is a tropical plant with important medical properties. The in vitro procedure that was established consists of (i) induction of shoots from leaf tissue, (ii) elongation of shoots, and (iii) rooting of plantlets. The induction of shoots was achieved on Murashige and Skoog solid medium supplemented with different combinations of zeatin riboside and 1–naphthalene acetic acid or 6–benzylaminopurine and 1–naphthalene acetic acid. The best combination for plant regeneration was MS with 5.7 mM zeatin riboside and 0.11 mM 1–naphthalene acetic acid. In the second step, the shoot clumps were transferred to MS basal medium without plant growth regulators, resulting in the differentiation of most of the shoot initials into well developed shoots. In the third stage, plantlets were efficiently rooted on half-strength MS basal medium supplemented with 58.5 mM sucrose. The rooted plants were established in soil with a 100% success rate. This system can be useful to perform further experiments to obtain transgenic plants of this species as well as for other biotechnological approaches. Keywords: American nightshade, organogenesis, shoots regeneration, in vitro culture, zeatin riboside, 1–naphthalene acetic acid, medicinal plant species African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(36), pp. 5830-5835, 6 September, 2010

Effects of Exogenous Cytokinins on Spore Germination and Gametophyte Morphogenesis of Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott in vitro Culture

Abstract: The impact of exogenous cytokinins (kinetin, zeatin, 6-benzylaminopurine, and N6-2-isopentenyladenine) on the pattern of Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott spore germination, gametophyte growth and morphology in vitro have been studied. It was found that all studied cytokinins significantly retarded spore germination, inhibited gametophyte growth, caused deformations and decrease in the thallus size, and suppressed the development of reproductive structures and sporophyte growth at the concentration of 10–5 М. The reduction of the hormone concentration to 10–8 М stimulated the gametophyte development, induced cell divisions, particularly in the apical zone, due to which some of thalli were deformed, promoted the production of rhizoids, affected the formation of antheridia and archegonia, and slowed the sporophyte development.

Effect of Cotyledon Age and Explant Location on Regeneration of Cucumis Sativus

Abstract: The effects of different cotyledon ages (6, 15, 21 hours and 3 day), cotyledon positions (distal and proximal parts of the cotyledon) and growth regulators (BA and zeatin) on regeneration were tested for swelling and shoot formation. The majority of explants in all treatments (70–94%) showed evidence of swelling at 10 days. Shoot formation was observed at the 20th day. Younger seeds gave a significantly higher regeneration than older seeds on shoot formation. Shoot formation ratio was similar in 6, 15 and 21 h. age explants, but the ratio for 3 days old seeds was the worst one. Proximal explants of cotyledons from younger seeds (6, 15, 21 h) produced significantly more shoots (2–2.7 shoots/explant) than distal explants (0.75–1.5 shoots/explant). Proximal parts of the older cotyledons (3 days) produced more shoots (0.75 shoots/explant) than distal parts (0.25 shoots/explant). There were no significant difference between BA and zeatin on shoot formation of regeneration.

Growth regulators and darkness increase efficiency in in vitro culture of immature embryos from peppers

Abstract: Common pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important vegetables in the world, and extensive breeding efforts are being made to develop new improved strains of this species. In this regard, in vitro culture of immature embryos may help breeders accelerate breeding cycles and overcome interspecific barriers, among other applications. In this study, we have optimized a protocol for in vitro culture of immature embryos of C. annuum. Levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin have been tested to improve the efficiency (germination rates) of this technique in C. annuum embryos at the four main immature stages (i.e. globular, heart, torpedo, and early cotyledonary) from four varietal types of this species (California Wonder, Piquillo, Guindilla, and Bola). The effect of 5-day initial incubation in the dark was also tested on the most efficient hormone formulation. On average, relatively low levels of both IAA and zeatin (0.01 mg L−1 each) (M1) provided the highest germination rates, particularly in the advanced stages (torpedo and cotyledonary). To a lesser extent, the lack of these growth regulators (M0) or high IAA (0.2 mg L−1)/low zeatin (0.01 mg L−1) (M2) combination also had a positive response. On the contrary, high zeatin levels (0.2 mg L−1) produced very low germination rates or callus development (efficiency 0-7 %). Different responses were also found between genotypes. Thus, considering the best media (M0, M1, M2), Bola embryos had the highest rates. M1 plus 5-days of initial dark incubation (M1-D) improved the efficiency rates at all embryo stages, particularly in the earliest (globular) embryos which increased from 3 % to > 20 %.