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Zeatin

About: Zeatin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2467 publications have been published within this topic receiving 64092 citations. The topic is also known as: Zeatin & (E/Z)-zeatin.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that the enhanced earshoot and grain production of plants supplied with NH4++NO3− may be partly associated with an increased endogenous cytokinin supply.
Abstract: Supplying both N forms (NH4 ++NO3 −) to the maize (Zea mays L.) plant can optimize productivity by enhancing reproductive development. However, the physiological factors responsible for this enhancement have not been elucidated, and may include the supply of cytokinin, a growth-regulating substance. Therefore, field and gravel hydroponic studies were conducted to examine the effect of N form (NH4 ++NO3 − versus predominantly NO3 −) and exogenous cytokinin treatment (six foliar applications of 22 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) during vegetative growth versus untreated) on productivity and yield of maize. For untreated plants, NH4 ++NO3 − nutrition increased grain yield by 11% and whole shoot N content by 6% compared with predominantly NO3 −. Cytokinin application to NO3 −-grown field plants increased grain yield to that of NH4 ++NO3 −-grown plants, which was the result of enhanced dry matter partitioning to the grain and decreased kernel abortion. Likewise, hydroponically grown maize supplied with NH4 ++NO3 − doubled anthesis earshoot weight, and enhanced the partitioning of dry matter to the shoot. NH4 ++NO3 − nutrition also increased earshoot N content by 200%, and whole shoot N accumulation by 25%. During vegetative growth, NH4 ++NO3 − plants had higher concentrations of endogenous cytokinins zeatin and zeatin riboside in root tips than NO3 −-grown plants. Based on these data, we suggest that the enhanced earshoot and grain production of plants supplied with NH4 ++NO3 − may be partly associated with an increased endogenous cytokinin supply.

54 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Embryo regeneration was studied by transferring the callus from EIM to embryogenesis expression medium (EEM) containing different concentrations of 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP), BA, thiadiazuron (TDZ), zeatin or kinetin, and 2iP at 10.0 μM outperformed the other growth regulators.

54 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A 1-week treatment on Medium C+ positively influenced plantlet establishment and generally reduced variability during both germination and plantletestablishment of the embryos.
Abstract: Embryogenic tissue of hybrid larch (Larix x marschlinsii Coaz) was multiplied on Medium M (modified MSG medium supplemented with the plant growth regulators (PGRs) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; 9 microM) and N-6-benzyladenine (2.25 microM)). After 1 week, cultures were transferred to either MSG lacking PGRs (Medium C-) or MSG lacking PGRs but supplemented with 1% activated charcoal (Medium C+). Embryos were sampled after 1 week on Medium M, C- or C+. Embryos were analyzed by ELISA for abscisic acid (ABA), abscisic acid-glucose ester, 2,4-D, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-aspartate (IAAsp), zeatin (Z), zeatin riboside (ZR), isopentenyladenine (iP) and isopentenyladenosine (iPA). Transfer of embryos to Medium C+ reduced the embryo concentrations of 2,4-D and iPA, but resulted in elevated concentrations of IAA, IAAsp, ABA, Z, ZR and iP. Charcoal reduced 2,4-D concentrations of embryos by an order of magnitude greater than PGR-free medium alone. Charcoal affected embryo concentrations of five of the eight PGRs quantified. Use of either C+ or C- medium as part of the maturation protocols also affected germination and plantlet establishment of the embryos. A 1-week treatment on Medium C+ positively influenced plantlet establishment and generally reduced variability during both germination and plantlet establishment.

54 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An in vitro regeneration system for chickpea, where immature cotyledons were excised from developing embryos and cultured on B5 basal medium supplemented with 1.5% sucrose and various growth regulator combinations, may be useful for genetic transformation of Chickpea.
Abstract: For the purpose of developing an in vitro regeneration system for chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), an important food legume, immature cotyledons approximately 5 mm long were excised from developing embryos and cultured on B5 basal medium supplemented with 1.5% sucrose and various growth regulator combinations. Only non-morphogenic callus was formed in response to concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) previously reported to induce somatic embryogenesis on immature soybean cotyledons. However, 4.6, 13.7, and 45.6 μM zeatin induced formation of white, cotyledon-like structures (CLS) at the proximal end of immature cotyledons placed with adaxial surface facing the agar medium. No morphogenesis, or occasional formation of fused, deformed CLS, was observed when zeatin was replaced with kinetin or 6-benzyladenine, respectively. The highest response frequency, 64% of explants forming CLS, was induced by 13.7 μM zeatin plus 0.2 μM indole-acetic acid (IAA). Within 20–40 days culture on zeatin, shoots formed at the base of CLS on approximately 50% of CLS-bearing explants, and proliferated upon subsequent transfer to basal medium with 4.4 μM BA or 4.6 μM kinetin. This regeneration system may be useful for genetic transformation of chickpea.

54 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fragments of maize leaves were incubated at controlled temperature and irradiance either on distilled water or on one of three concentrations of cytokinin, and the effects of zeatin or kinetin on stomatal aperture were determined by stripping abaxial epidermis from the fragments after incubation and immediately measuringStomatal apertures under the microscope.
Abstract: Fragments of maize leaves were incubated at controlled temperature and irradiance either on distilled water or on one of three concentrations of cytokinin (10"', 10"2 and 10"3 mol m~3). The effects of zeatin or kinetin on stomatal aperture were determined by stripping abaxial epidermis from the fragments after incubation and immediately measuring stomatal apertures under the microscope. At each cytokinin concentration leaf pieces were incubated at 5 or 350 //mol mol"1 CO, with or without ABA ( 10 1 mol m"3). At 5-0 //mol mol"' C02 increasing the concentrations of zeatin had a negligible effect upon stomatal aperture. When air containing 350 //mol mol"1 CO, was bubbled through the incubation solutions, apertures of stomata incubated on water were more than halved. Increasing cytokinin concentrations reduced the effect of CO, on stomata and incubation on 10"1 mol m"3 zeatin completely removed any C02 response. The addition of ABA restored the effect of C02, even at the highest cytokinin concentration.

53 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202333
2022103
202135
202034
201932
201848