Topic
Zinc toxicity
About: Zinc toxicity is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 727 publications have been published within this topic receiving 34583 citations. The topic is also known as: zinc poisoning.
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TL;DR: It is confirmed that sublethal waterborne zinc is an oxidative stressor in fish, and the important protective role of higher salinities in ameliorating the oxidative stress associated with zinc toxicity in this model estuarine teleost is highlighted.
114 citations
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TL;DR: In contaminated field sites adjacent to primary zinc smelters, zinc is invariably present in soils at concentrations of at least 50 times that of cadmium, so deleterious effects of mixtures of these metals on populations of Collembola in such sites can be attributed to zinc rather than Cadmium.
114 citations
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TL;DR: Zn toxicity, especially for reproduction, was influenced by pH for all Zn forms, and the importance of considering the relationship between uptake and toxicity in nanotoxicology studies is suggested.
Abstract: To determine how soil properties influence nanoparticle (NP) fate, bioavailability and toxicity, this study compared the toxicity of nano zinc oxide (ZnO NPs), non-nano ZnO and ionic ZnCl2 to the earthworm Eisenia fetida in a natural soil at three pH levels. NP characterisation indicated that reaction with the soil media greatly controls ZnO properties. Three main conclusions were drawn. First that Zn toxicity, especially for reproduction, was influenced by pH for all Zn forms. This can be linked to the influence of pH on Zn dissolution. Secondly, that ZnO fate, toxicity and bioaccumulation were similar (including relationships with pH) for both ZnO forms, indicating the absence of NP-specific effects. Finally, earthworm Zn concentrations were higher in worms exposed to ZnO compared to ZnCl2, despite the greater toxicity of the ionic form. This observation suggests the importance of considering the relationship between uptake and toxicity in nanotoxicology studies.
113 citations
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TL;DR: To quantify the effects that soil physicochemical properties have on various ecotoxicological endpoints, including phytotoxicity, 14 agricultural soils from Australia with differing soil properties were spiked with copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) salts and used to conduct plant growth inhibition tests using wheat in pot trials.
Abstract: Interest is mounting in developing and utilizing soil-specific soil quality guidelines. This requires quantifying the effects that soil physicochemical properties have on various ecotoxicological endpoints, including phytotoxicity. To this end, 14 agricultural soils from Australia with differing soil properties were spiked with copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) salts and used to conduct 21-d plant growth inhibition tests using wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in pot trials. The toxicity of Cu and Zn was similar with 10% effect concentration (EC10) values ranging from 110 to 945 and from 235 to 965 mg/kg, respectively, while the corresponding median effect concentration (EC50) values ranged from 240 to 1,405 and 470 to 1,745 mg/kg, respectively. Copper toxicity values (EC10, EC20, and EC50) were best modeled by the logarithm of cation exchange capacity (CEC) and either soil pH or electrical conductivity. Zinc EC50 and EC20 values were best modeled using the logarithm of CEC, while the EC10 data were best modeled using soil pH and the logarithm of organic carbon. These models generally estimated toxicity within a factor of two of the measured values.
111 citations
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TL;DR: The decreases in the four measured biochemical parameters after 3d exposure might reflect the failure of the antioxidant defense system in neutralizing the ROS generated during the metabolic process, while the recovery of the antioxidants at days 12 and 30 suggested a possible shift toward a detoxification mechanism.
111 citations