Topic
Zirconium alloy
About: Zirconium alloy is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6548 publications have been published within this topic receiving 78954 citations. The topic is also known as: zircaloy.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the heat of transport of hydrogen was measured in several Zr alloys considered for use in nuclear reactors and it was concluded that small quantities of Nb or Y added to Zr have negligible effect on the heat, which is 5.7 plus or minus 0.5 kcal/mole for ali alloys tested.
32 citations
32 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of oxygen on the tensile properties of Zircaloy-4 fuel cladding were investigated under the condition of a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA), and an interim oxygen embrittlement criterion was proposed, which requires a prediction of the oxygen distribution for a given temperature transient.
Abstract: Under the condition postulated for a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA), Zircaloy-4 fuel cladding may experience a temperature transient during which it absorbs an appreciable amount of oxygen from the coolant. Theoretical models for predicting cladding behavior during loss-of-coolant (LOC) are being developed, but until the failure mechanisms can be clearly established, an empirical criterion must be employed. Since, under LOCA conditions, the fuel cladding would be predominantly exposed to tensile hoop stresses, the effects of oxygen on the tensile properties of Zircaloy-4 were investigated. It was found that, from room temperature to 800°C, the tensile properties were essentially independent of maximum cladding temperature and cooling rate, but were dependent on the oxygen distribution through the cladding wall. On the basis of the present work, but also consistent with other published work, an interim oxygen embrittlement criterion is proposed, which states: "the oxygen concentration must be less than 0.7 weight percent over at least half the cladding thickness." Since the proposed criterion requires a prediction of the oxygen distribution for a given temperature transient, the available computer models are briefly described and compared with experiment. Preliminary results suggest that the prediction of OXWEX, SIMTRAN 1, and PRECIP 1 are in reasonable agreement with experiment.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comparative study of cladding tubes with different surface conditions was performed to investigate their effect on the Zircaloy-4 substrate and oxide textures as well as the oxidation kinetic.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the local atomic configuration around the Ni, Nb, and Zr atoms by x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) method.
Abstract: To elucidate hydrogen effects on the atomic configuration of Ni–Nb–Zr–H glassy alloys exhibiting proton-tunneling-induced Coulomb oscillation, we investigated the local atomic configuration around the Ni, Nb, and Zr atoms by x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) method. The analysis of the XAFS spectra indicates that there is the significant difference in structural response between the Zr 30 and the Zr 40 at. % alloys when hydrogen atoms are charged; charging the hydrogen atoms basically does not alter the local structures around the three atoms for the Zr 30 at. % alloy but induces the elongation of the Zr–Zr, Zr–Nb, and Nb–Ni distances for the Zr 40 at. % alloy. The distorted icosahedral Zr5Ni5Nb3 clusters assembled in randomly packed manners for the possible models in the Ni–Nb–Zr glassy alloy are proposed. The sites where hydrogen atoms occupy are also inferred.
32 citations