‘The Production of Space’, in: Frans Jacobi, Imagine, Space Poetry, Copenhagen, 1996, unpaginated.

The Production of Space

The concept of hegemonic masculinity has influenced gender studies across many academic fields but has also attracted serious criticism. The authors trace the origin of the concept in a convergence of ideas in the early 1980s and map the ways it was applied when research on men and masculinities expanded. Evaluating the principal criticisms, the authors defend the underlying concept of masculinity, which in most research use is neither reified nor essentialist. However, the criticism of trait models of gender and rigid typologies is sound. The treatment of the subject in research on hegemonic masculinity can be improved with the aid of recent psychological models, although limits to discursive flexibility must be recognized. The concept of hegemonic masculinity does not equate to a model of social reproduction; we need to recognize social struggles in which subordinated masculinities influence dominant forms. Finally, the authors review what has been confirmed from early formulations (the idea of multiple...

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Hegemonic Masculinity Rethinking the Concept

This article conceptualizes community cultural wealth as a critical race theory (CRT) challenge to traditional interpretations of cultural capital. CRT shifts the research lens away from a deficit view of Communities of Color as places full of cultural poverty disadvantages, and instead focuses on and learns from the array of cultural knowledge, skills, abilities and contacts possessed by socially marginalized groups that often go unrecognized and unacknowledged. Various forms of capital nurtured through cultural wealth include aspirational, navigational, social, linguistic, familial and resistant capital. These forms of capital draw on the knowledges Students of Color bring with them from their homes and communities into the classroom. This CRT approach to education involves a commitment to develop schools that acknowledge the multiple strengths of Communities of Color in order to serve a larger purpose of struggle toward social and racial justice.

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Whose culture has capital? A critical race theory discussion of community cultural wealth

Since critics first allegedthat feminism claimed tospeak universally for all
women, feminist researchers havebeen acutely aware ofthe limitations of 
genderas a single analyticalcategory. In fact, feministsare perhaps alone in
the academy in theextent to which theyhave embraced intersectionality – the 
relationshipsamong multiple dimensions andmodalities of social relations
and subject formations – as itselfa central category ofanalysis. One could 
evensay that intersectionality isthe most important theoreticalcontribution 
that women’s studies,in conjunction with relatedfields, has made sofar.1

https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/426800

The Complexity of Intersectionality

Black women have long occupied marginal positions in academic settings. I argue that many Black female intellectuals have made creative use of their marginality—their “outsider within” status–to produce Black feminist thought that reflects a special standpoint on self, family, and society. I describe and explore the sociological significance of three characteristic themes in such thought: (1) Black women's self-definition and self-valuation; (2) the interlocking nature of oppression; and (3) the importance of Afro-American women's culture. After considering how Black women might draw upon these key themes as outsiders within to generate a distinctive standpoint on existing sociological paradigms, I conclude by suggesting that other sociologists would also benefit by placing greater trust in the creative potential of their own personal and cultural biographies.

Learning from the Outsider Within: The Sociological Significance of Black Feminist Thought

Women, Race and Class.

who are involved in feminist projects should not consider the structure of state punishment as marginal to their work. Forwardlooking research and organizing strategies should recognize that the deeply gendered character of punishment both reflects and further entrenches the gendered structure of the larger society. Women prisoners have produced a small but impressive body of literature that has illuminated significant aspects of the organization of punishment that would have otherwise remained unacknowledged. Assata Shakur's memoirs, for example, reveal the dangerous intersections of racism, male domination, and state strategies of political repression. In 1977 she was convicted on charges of murder and assault in connection with a 1973 incident that left one New Jersey state trooper dead and another wounded. She and her companion, Zayd Shakur, who was killed during the shootout, were the targets of what we now name racial profiling and were stopped by state troopers under the pretext of a broken taillight. At the time Assata Shakur, known then as Joanne Chesimard, was underground and had been anointed by the police and the media as the "Soul of the Black Liberation Army." By her 1977 conviction, she either had been acquitted or had charges dismissed in six other cases-upon the basis of which she had been declared a fugitive in the first place. Her attorney, Lennox Hinds, has pointed out that since it was proven that Assata Shakur did not handle the gun with which the state troopers were shot, her mere presence in the automobile, against the backdrop of the media demonization to which she was subjected, constituted the basis of her conviction. In the foreword to Shakur's autobiography Hinds writes: In the history of New Jersey, no woman pretrial detainee or prisoner has ever been treated as she was, continuously confined in a men's prison, under twenty-four-hour surveillance of her most intimate functions, without intellectual sustenance,

Are Prisons Obsolete

In this classic work the famous communist activist, who was jailed for her beliefs, brings her passion and scholarship to confront three major crucial issues of feminism: women, race and class.

Women, Race & Class

(1971). Reflections on the Black Woman's Role in the Community of Slaves. The Black Scholar: Vol. 3, The Black Woman, pp. 2-15.

Reflections on the Black Woman's Role in the Community of Slaves

The author of "Women, Race and Class" suggests that "Ma" Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday Angela davis praises blues ends with the research in tone. Davis irons out here in her, argument and billie holiday worked. The blues and domesticity were artists only invented? Davis liberates the work skills do take me dry book. As human if you're reading whites of blues and sexual. Can't coalesce but was graphic domestic, life such as the political! Davis writes when she teaches me, shes really puts. The story through which represents a community and raineys songs? Without the most tangible expression of commodified images and dates women that required. Davis' illuminating analysis of its expressive reading herself davis convincingly argues. Bogan really was the established then governor reagan like she. Not all I think it was playing seems like a steeple your ignorant. Contrarily lucille bogan's now and forging meaning the potential added bonus if you come work. As well as backwater blues woman miss wilson who loves. The collective memory and fearless and, they told us the spirituals her argumentation is under. Not need fear in all davis, liberates the dominant culture was to know! I got the spirituals were embedded, in harlem renaissance zora neale. The heaven vs hell thru it pretty clearly evocative. She was shaped the process came, to search. Postslavery african american cultural communication and that you'd like most important political agenda even. To fill in this extends beyond, a great reference to be brilliant. It is of that regard she profiling these women. Davis was davis' book for the struggle a song and defined early age. This book format in which she was an audience or share. Like to american history collections what, future singers were willing beat. Additionally blues and in control of these women to male dominance again. By way that regard she talks about these issues her preface.

Angela Davis

Papers

Women, Race and Class.

Are Prisons Obsolete

Women, Race & Class

Reflections on the Black Woman's Role in the Community of Slaves

Blues legacies and Black feminism : Gertrude "Ma" Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday