Reconstructing the Office Furniture: The Art of the Early Modern Choir Stall Angela D. Glover Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Art University of Toronto 2016 This dissertation examines a range of choir stalls made in northern Europe and Spain between 1450 and 1550 with the aim of reinstating choir stalls as significant objects in our understanding of the arts of the early modern period. This century of prosperity and renewal supported widespread church commissions and resulted in the construction of some of the most complex and inventive sets of stalls ever built. As objects that were central to the ritual life of religious communities and helped define the sacred space of the choir, their form and iconography tell us about the values, beliefs and aspirations of the patrons who commissioned them and the communities who used them. As large, complex microarchitectural structures, they allowed varying and potentially interacting visual programs to be displayed in diverse and innovative ways. Using a variety of approaches, four broad art historical issues are investigated, showing some of the ways that choir stalls contribute to the larger discourse. Historiography elucidates the longstanding emphasis on misericords and the lack of integration of this work with broader art historical research, as well as suggesting ways to move forward. Analysis of a variety of historical documents along with current research on acoustics and design, and engagement with modern theorists of space highlight how the spatial configuration of choir stalls contributed to key aspects of their use and meaning. The examination of a range of documentary sources provides a picture of how a set of stalls might be realized

Reconstructing the Office Furniture: The Art of the Early Modern Choir Stall

http://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/1813/17181/1/Kelley%2c%20Emily.pdf

Piety And The Merchant Patron: A Case Study Of Merchant Patronage In Early Sixteenth-Century Burgos

Pure gold is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal. These characteristics allow it to be hammered into thin leaves and applied to other surfaces, a process known as gilding. This study examines the gilding techniques used in Spanish panel and retable painting from the fifteenth to early sixteenth century, considering gold’s intrinsic value and symbolism as well as its role as a painting material. First, historical references and laboratory analyses of panel paintings will be compared and interpreted; second, important technical aspects of gold leaf will be discussed, including its composition and possible origin, its thickness and size, its price, and the different poliments and modes of adhesion used to apply it to the substrate.

Gilding in Spanish panel painting from the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries

Like many Guatemalan documents referred to by scholars in the past, the Libros Segundo y Tercero del Cabildo de Guatemala (Books Two and Three of the City Council of Santiago de Guatemala) have long been thought to be missing, thereby removing from consultation key sources concerning the events and circumstances of the early colonial period. It turns out that these two tomes, which span the years between 1530 and 1553, are not missing and have been part of the holdings of the Hispanic Society of America for the past century. We discuss how other documentary treasures were taken from Guatemala or disappeared from circulation altogether, identifying the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as the period during which national patrimony was most under threat from both internal and external forces.
	 Resumen: Al igual que muchos documentos guatemaltecos a los que los estudiosos han hecho referencia en el pasado, desde hace tiempo se pensaba que los “Libros Segundo y Tercero del Cabildo de Guatemala” se habian perdido, quedando fuera de toda posibilidad de consulta estas fuentes claves para iluminar los eventos y circunstancias del periodo colonial temprano. Resulta que estos dos registros, que cubren los anos 1530 a 1553, no estan perdidos, sino han formado parte de la coleccion de la biblioteca de la Hispanic Society of America por un siglo. Nuestra nota de investigacion discute como otros tesoros documentales pudieron, de hecho, haber sido sustraidos de Guatemala o completamente retirados de circulacion, identificando el siglo XIX y principios del XX como el periodo durante el cual el patrimonio nacional estuvo bajo mayor amenaza por parte de fuerzas tanto internas como externas.

Pillage in the Archives: The Whereabouts of Guatemalan Documentary Treasures

Anna Hyatt Huntington (1876-1973) was an American sculptor of animals who founded the nation’s first sculpture garden, Brookgreen Gardens, in 1932. Hyatt Huntington, whose personal papers are housed at Syracuse University, is an important yet understudied artist. Focusing on Hyatt Huntington’s sculptures in Brookgreen Gardens and on the gardens themselves, which also included a zoo, this paper will examine themes of labor in the artist’s oeuvre. Hyatt Huntington placed an emphasis on hard work as she fought to distinguish herself as a sculptor in a male-dominated field. The products of her labor often venerate the work of animals, from bulls to horses to jaguars. Many of these sculptures are situated at Brookgreen Gardens. Founded at the dawn of the Great Depression, the gardens provide an opportunity to study her work in an era in which labor became a central theme for many artists, who, like Hyatt Huntington, saw hard work as a means to a better future. The multifaceted views of labor manifested in Hyatt Huntington’s work offer critical insights into her sculptures and American art at the time, as labor transforms her sculptures from realistic depictions of animals into beacons of toil, endeavor, and meaningful production.

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The Artist, the Workhorse: Labor in the Sculpture of Anna Hyatt Huntington

The techniques of polychrome sculpture are described: wood carving, preparation of colours and flesh tones. A history of polychrome sculpture in granada is presented with special reference to the following artists: machuca, siloe, pablo de rojas, alonso cano, pedro de mena, los muras, jose risueno, and torcuato ruiz del peral.

Beatrice Gilman Proske

Papers

Tecnica de la escultura policromada granadina

Archer Milton Huntington

Brookgreen Gardens Sculpture

Castilian Sculpture, Gothic to Renaissance

Castilian Sculpture, Gothic to Renaissance