https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/srin.201900108

Reduction of Iron Oxides with Hydrogen—A Review

The anaerobic oxidation of ethanol over spinel mixed oxides A2+Fe23+O42– (with A = Co2+, Ni2+, or Fe2+) was studied by means of in situ diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and mass spectrometry (MS). The nature of the surface species formed during the reaction and its related gas products were discussed. Different reaction pathways were proposed depending on the catalyst composition. Acetates appeared to be important surface intermediates in the case of the Ni ferrite which is at the same time the most basic and easily reducible catalyst from the set studied, whereas with Co and Fe ferrites, more direct pathways to oxidation products were evidenced but at higher temperatures.

In Situ DRIFTS-MS Study of the Anaerobic Oxidation of Ethanol over Spinel Mixed Oxides

Sticking of iron ore pellets during reduction with hydrogen and carbon monoxide mixtures: Behavior and mechanism

Magnetic bio-activated carbon production from lignin via a streamlined process and its use in phosphate removal from aqueous solutions.

The impact of gas-phase pretreatment of supported iron-oxide catalyst utilized in aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) growth is studied to understand the correlation between the catalyst oxidation state and the growth characteristics of the aligned CNT forests. By varying the pretreatment conditions from a reducing to an oxidizing environment, notable changes are observed in both the collective CNT array growth behavior and the individual CNT characteristics. Although the greatest catalytic activity was observed following a full reduction to the zerovalent (metallic) Fe catalyst, growth is also observed from a catalyst composed of both Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 particles. XPS core-level analysis, following pretreatment of the catalyst, emphasizes the critical nature of the combined catalyst–underlayer interaction to achieve optimal catalyst activity during growth and hence the most efficient catalyst reduction process. Additionally, CNT diameters during growth were strongly affected by the pretreatment process. Overall, ...

Esther Lorente

Papers

Steam-iron process: Influence of steam on the kinetics of iron oxide reduction