The subject of this monograph is the fluid dynamics of liquid turbomachines, particularly pumps. Rather than attempt a general treatise on turbomachines, we shall focus attention on those special problems and design issues associated with the flow of liquid through a rotating machine. There are two characteristics of a liquid that lead to these special problems, and cause a significantly different set of concerns than would occur in, say, a gas turbine. These are the potential for cavitation and the high density of liquids that enhances the possibility of damaging unsteady flows and forces.

/pdf/hydrodynamics-of-pumps-10hab8zdsk.pdf

Hydrodynamics of Pumps

https://www.ece.uvic.ca/~bctill/papers/numacoust/Tijdeman_1975.pdf

On the propagation of sound waves in cylindrical tubes

It is shown that the two main parameters governing the propagation of sound waves in gases contained in rigid cylindrical tubes, are the shear wave number, s = R ρ s ω / μ , and the reduced frequency, k = ωR/a 0 . It appears possible to rewrite the most significant analytical solutions for the propagation constant, Γ, as given in the literature, as simple expressions in terms of these two parameters. With the aid of these expressions the various solutions are put in perspective and their ranges of applicability are indicated. It is demonstrated that most of the analytical solutions are dependent only on the shear wave number, s , and that they are covered completely by the solution obtained for the first time by Zwikker and Kosten (1949) . The full solution of the problem has been obtained by Kirchhoff (1868) in the form of a complicated, complex transcendental equation. In the present paper this equation is rewritten in terms of the mentioned basic parameters and brought in the attractive form F =0, which is solved numerically by using the Newton-Raphson procedure. As first estimate in this procedure the value ofaccording to the solution of Zwikker and Kosten is taken. Results are presented for a wide range of s and k values.

A quasi two-dimensional model of transient flows in pipes of circular cross-section is developed, using the one dimensional method of characteristics in concentric cylindrical annuli. Lateral velocity components are permitted between adjacent cylinders. The model can nominally incorporate any desired relationship between shear stresses and local velocities. In this paper, it is applied to laminar flows and to a five-region model of turbulent flows. The accuracy of Zielke's (1969) one-dimensional expression for transient wall-shear stresses in laminar flows is verified, and it is shown that his expression is also a reasonable approximation for smooth-wall, turbulent flows, at least at low Reynolds numbers. Quasi-steady relationships are shown to be highly inaccurate in transient laminar or turbulent flows.

A characteristics model of transient friction in pipes

The sections in this article are:


1
Modeling the Respiratory System as a Linear System
1.1
Models

1.2
Elemental Equations

1.3
Sinusoidal Forcing and Complex Impedance

1.4
Continuity and Compatibility Conditions

1.5
General Formulation of System Models

1.6
System Functions

1.7
Equivalent Circuits

1.8
Distributed-Parameter Models




2
History

3
Experimental Methods
3.1
Equipment

3.2
Inputs and Data Processing

3.3
Upper Airway Variability and Shunt




4
Frequency Responses Below 100 HZ
4.1
Total Respiratory System

4.2
Input Impedance Forcing at the Airway Opening

4.3
Transfer Impedance Forcing at the Chest

4.4
Transfer Impedance Forcing at the Mouth

4.5
Pressure and Flow Transfer Functions

4.6
Lung Impedance

4.7
Chest Wall Impedance

4.8
Airway Impedance




5
Frequency Responses Above 100 HZ
5.1
Wave Propagation in the Airways

5.2
Input Impedance Forcing at the Airway Opening

5.3
Pressure Transfer Functions

5.4
Airway Area by Acoustic Reflections




6
Clinical Applications
6.1
Pulmonary Function in Children

6.2
Obstructive Lung Diseases

6.3
Restrictive Lung Diseases

6.4
Miscellaneous Lung Diseases

Oscillation Mechanics of the Respiratory System

Related Content Customize your page view by dragging and repositioning the boxes below. Related Journal Articles Filter by Topic > A Transient Response Approximation for Noncircular Fluid Transmission Lines J. Fluids Eng (June, 1976) Transient Response of Fluid Viscoelastic Lines J. Fluids Eng (September, 1982) Application of Linearized Friction Impedance Models to Complex Fluid Systems J. Fluids Eng (June, 1973) [+] View More Related Proceedings Articles Filter by Topic > Thermal Performance Prediction for High Power Processors at High Altitude IMECE2005 (2005) Measurement of Electrical Properties of Sickle Cells From Electrical Impedance of Cell Suspension IMECE2017 (2017) Electrical Impedance Matching of PZT NanoGenerators IDETC/CIE2017 (2017) [+] View More Related eBook Content Plate Exchangers Heat Exchanger Engineering Techniques> Chapter 8 Extended Surfaces Thermal Management of Microelectronic Equipment> Chapter 8 Experimental Heat Transfer to Other Fluids at Sections PDF Email Share Get Citation Get Alerts Some tools below are only available to our subscribers or users with an online account. SEARCH ADVANCED SEARCH Search Journal of Fluids Engineering

F. T. Brown

Papers

The Transient Response of Fluid Lines

Small-Amplitude Frequency Behavior of Fluid Lines With Turbulent Flow

A Quasi Method of Characteristics With Application to Fluid Lines With Frequency Dependent Wall Shear and Heat Transfer

Step Responses of Liquid Lines With Frequency-Dependent Effects of Viscosity

A Unified Approach to the Analysis of Uniform One-Dimensional Distributed Systems